Open Access
Research
(Published
online: 10-03-2017)
5.
Occurrence of multidrug resistant
Escherichia coli in groundwater of Brij region (Uttar
Pradesh) and its public health implications -
Barkha Sharma, Parul, A. K. Verma, Udit Jain, Janaradan K. Yadav,
Ravneet Singh
and Raghvendra Mishra
Veterinary World, 10(3): 293-301
doi:
10.14202/vetworld.2017.293-301
Barkha Sharma :
Department of
Epidemiology and Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of
Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, UP Pt Deen Dayal
Upadhyay Veterinary University, Mathura - 281 001, Uttar
Pradesh, India.
Parul :
Department of
Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary Science and Animal
Husbandry, UP Pt Deen Dayal Upadhyay Veterinary University,
Mathura - 281 001, Uttar Pradesh, India.
A. K. Verma:
Department
of Epidemiology and Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of
Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, UP Pt Deen Dayal Upadhyay
Veterinary University, Mathura - 281 001, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Udit Jain :
Department of
Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary Science and Animal
Husbandry, UP Pt Deen Dayal Upadhyay Veterinary University,
Mathura - 281 001, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Janaradan K. Yadav :
Department of
Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary Science and Animal
Husbandry, UP Pt Deen Dayal Upadhyay Veterinary University,
Mathura - 281 001, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Ravneet Singh :
Department of
Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary Science and Animal
Husbandry, UP Pt Deen Dayal Upadhyay Veterinary University,
Mathura - 281 001, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Raghvendra Mishra :
Department of
Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary Science and Animal
Husbandry, UP Pt Deen Dayal Upadhyay Veterinary University,
Mathura - 281 001, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Received: 24-10-2016, Accepted: 26-01-2017, Published online:
10-03-2017
Corresponding author:
Barkha Sharma,
e-mail: manubarkha@yahoo.com
Citation:
Sharma B, Parul, Verma AK, Jain U, Yadav JK, Singh R, Mishra R
(2017) Occurrence of multidrug resistant Escherichia coli
in groundwater of Brij region (UP) and its public health
implications, Veterinary World, 10(3): 293-301.
Abstract
Aim:
The study
evaluates the microbial as well as physicochemical pollution of
groundwater of Brij region of Uttar Pradesh, a major tourist
destination in the country along with estimating the drug
resistance evident in the isolated Escherichia coli.
Materials and
Methods:
A total of 60
samples of groundwater were collected from six different sites and
assessed for physicochemical (pH, color, taste, turbidity, total
dissolved solids [TDS], total hardness [TH], chlorides, fluorides,
nitrates, and iron) and microbiological parameters (standard plate
count [SPC], most probable number test [MPN], E. coli).
Results:
A majority of
the samples were found to be out of the range for most of the
parameters except iron. Particularly, high values of TDS (up to
9000 ppm), TH (1500 mg/L), chlorides (3250 mg/L), fluorides (2.5
mg/L), and nitrates (100.2 mg/L) were observed at most of the
sites in the region highlighting the fact that groundwater of the
area is not potable. Samples were turbid and salty to taste. High
SPC values, up to 3500 colony-forming unit/ml and coliforms beyond
BIS range were found in 40% samples suggesting gross microbial
contamination. Only 2 sites (G3 and G5) had low MPN values.
Overall 16 (26.67%) E. coli were isolated with 3 (18.75%)
producing red colonies on conge red agar, hence supposed to be
pathogenic. No E. coli O157:H7 was isolated. High
antimicrobial resistance was observed against amoxicillin and
erythromycin, whereas E. coli isolates were sensitive
toward cefotaxime-clavulanic acid and imipenem. 12 isolates (75%)
were multidrug resistant (MDR) with MDR index >20%, and 2 isolates
(12.5%) were found to be extended spectrum beta-lactamases
positive.
Conclusion:
Groundwater is considered to be a safe option for potable water
but it is obvious from the findings of this study that
considerable physicochemical and microbial contamination is there
in groundwater samples of Brij region. The occurrence of MDR E.
coli in these waters is a matter of great public health
concern.
Keywords:
groundwater, microbial analysis, multidrug resistant
Escherichia coli, physicochemical analysis.
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