|
|
Open Access
Copyright: The authors. This article is an open access
article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0) which permits unrestricted use,
distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly
cited.
Research
(Published
online: 27-01-2014)
9. Therapeutic efficacy of Brucella phage against
Brucella abortus in mice model -
A. Prajapati, D. Ramchandran, H. Verma, M. Abbas and M. Rawat
Veterinary World, 7(1): 34-37
doi:
10.14202/vetworld.2014.34-37
Abstract
Aim: To investigate the
preventive and therapeutic potential of brucella phage in
experimentally infected mice with Brucella abortus (strain 544).
Materials and Methods: Three groups of mice each containing
6 individuals were infected with Brucella abortus (strain 544). A
preventive group was infected with Brucella abortus (strain 544),
48 hrs before phage treatment. A therapeutic group was phage
treated 48 hrs after Brucella abortus (strain 544) infection in
mice. Spleen was aseptically collected from all groups of mice 15
days after challenge. Mean Spleen count of Brucella was enumerated
by culturing on Brucella agar media (BAM) and converted in terms
of protective activity and compared with control mice not
receiving phage therapy.
Result: There was significant reduction in protective
activity of preventive and therapeutic phage treated groups (2.884
and 3.077) respectively in comparison to control group mice
(4.267). There was no significant effect on mice health following
phage treatment.
Conclusion: phage treatment is a promising alternative for
reducing Brucella colonization in mice.
Keywords: brucella phage, spleen count, phage therapy.
References
1. Mantur, B.G. and Amarnath, S.K. (2008) Brucellosis in India
– a review; J. Biosci., 33: 539–547.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12038-008-0072-1 |
|
|
|
2. Manish, K., Puran, C., Rajesh, C., Teena, R. and Sunil, K.
(2013) Brucellosis: An updated review of the disease. Indian J
Ani Sci., 83 (1): 3–16. |
|
|
|
3. Garin-Bastuji, B and Blasco, J.M. (2008) Caprine and ovine
brucellosis (excluding Brucella Ovis), 974-983. In Manual of
Standards for diagnostic testes and vaccines. 2008. Office
International des Epizooties, Paris, France. |
|
|
4. Pappas, G., Nikolaos, A., Mile, B. and Epameinondas, T.
(2005) N Engl J Med., 352: 2325-2336.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJMra050570 |
|
|
|
5. Ullah, R.W., Shirazi, J.H., Abubakar, M., Zahur, A.B.,
Latif, A. and Alam, T. (2013) Genetic diversity, zoonotic risk
and "One Health" initiative of bovine brucellosis. Res. J.
Vet. Pract., 1 (1): 5–9. |
|
|
6. Renukaradhya, G.J., Isloor, S. and Rajasekhar, M. (2002)
Epidemiology, zoonotic aspects, vaccination and
control/eradication of brucellosis in India; Vet. Microbiol.,
90: 183–195.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0378-1135(02)00253-5 |
|
|
7. Hall, W.H. (1990) Modern chemotherapy for brucellosis in
humans; Rev. Infect. Dis. 12 1060–1099.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinids/12.6.1060 |
|
|
|
8. World Health Organization (2006) Brucellosis in humans and
animals. ISBN 92 4 154713 8. |
|
|
9. Del, P., Solera, J. (2012) Systemic review and
meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials in the treatment
of human brucellosis. PLoS ONE 7: 32090.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0032090 |
|
|
10. Harper, D.R., Monk, A.B., Rees, C.D. and Barrow, P. and
Hagens, S. (2010) Bacteriophage applications: where are we
now? Appl Microbiol., 51: 363–369.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1472-765X.2010.02916.x |
|
|
11. Abedon, S.T. and Loc-Carrillo, C. (2011) Pros and cons of
phage therapy. Bacteriophage., 1: 111–114.
http://dx.doi.org/10.4161/bact.1.2.14590 |
|
|
12. Connerton, P.L. and Connerton. I.F. (2005) Microbial
treatments to reduce pathogens in poultry meat, 414– 427. In
G. Mead (ed.), Food safety control in the poultry industry.
Woodhead Publishing Ltd., Cambridge.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1533/9781845690236.414 |
|
|
13. Cars, O., Högberg, L.D. and Murray, M. (2008) Meeting the
challenge of antibiotic resistance. Br. Med. J., 337: 726-728.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.a1438 |
|
|
14. Hyman, P. and Abedon, S.T. (2010) Bacteriophage host range
and bacterial resistance. Adv Appl Microbiol., 70: 217–248.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0065-2164(10)70007-1 |
|
|
|
15. Kumari, S., Harjai, K. and Chhibber, S. (2010) Topical
treatment of Klebsiella pneumoniaeB5055 induced burn wound
infection in mice using natural products. J Infect Dev Ctries.,
4: 367–377. |
|
|
16. Wright, A., Hawkins. C.H., Anggard, E.E. and Harper, D.R.
(2009) A controlled clinical trial of a therapeutic
bacteriophage preparation in chronic otitis due to antibiotic-
resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa; a preliminary report of
efficacy. Clin Otolaryngol., 34: 349–357.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-4486.2009.01973.x |
|
|
17. Hawkins, C., Harper, D., Burch, D., and Anggard, E. (2010)
Topical treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa otitis of dogs
with a bacteriophage mixture: a before/after clinical trial.
Vet Microbiol., 146: 309–313.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2010.05.014 |
|
|
|
18. Sulakvelidze, A. and Barrow., P. (2005) Phage therapy in
animals and agribusiness, 335–380. In E. Kutter and A.
Sulakvelidze (ed.), Bacteriophages: biology and applica- tions.
CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL. |
|
|
|
19. Huff, W.E., Huff, G.R., Rath, N.C., Balog, J.M. and
Donoghue, A.M. (2003a) Evaluation of aerosol spray and
intramuscular injection of bacteriophage to treat an
Escherichia coli respiratory infection. Poult. Sci., 82:1108–
1112. |
|
|
20. Huff, W.E., Huff, G.R., Rath, N.C., Balog, J.M. and
Donoghue, A.M. (2003b) Bacteriophage treatment of a severe
Escherichia coli respiratory infection in broiler chickens.
Avian Dis., 47:1399–1405.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1637/7041 |
|
|
21. Chachra, D. (2011) Isolation and morphological
characterization of a brucellaphage against Brucella abortus
strain S19. World congress of biotechnology, Hyderabad India.
doi:10.4172/2155-9538.10000S2
http://dx.doi.org/10.4172/2155-9538.10000S2 |
|
|
|
22. Adams, M.H. (1959) Bacteriophages. Interscience,
Publishers, Inc., New York. |
|
|
|
23. Chilamban, C., Rawat, M. and Somvanshi, R. (2004) Pre-
clinical studies on therapy of Staphylococcus aureus mastitis
by bacteriophage in mice model. 2004. Indian J Comp. Microbiol.
Immunol. Infect. dis., 25: 98-103. |
|
|
24. Gill, J.J., Svircev, A.M., Smith, R. and Castle, A.J.
(2003) Bacteriophages of Erwinia amylovora. Appl Environ
Microbiol., 69: 2133–2138.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AEM.69.4.2133-2138.2003 |
|
|
25. Verma, H., Pramod, D., Abbas, M., Prajapati, A.,
Ramchandra, D. and Rawat, M. (2013) Isolation and partial
characterization of lytic phage against Salmonella Abortusequi,
Vet World., 6 (2): 72-75.
http://dx.doi.org/10.5455/vetworld.2013.72-75 |
|
|
26. Miles, A. A. and. Misra., S. S (1938) The estimation of
the bactericidal power of the blood. J. Hyg., 38 : 732-749.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S002217240001158X |
|
|
|
27. María J.G., José M.B., Jean P.G., Ignacio M. and Edgardo
M. (2002) What have we learned from brucellosis in the mouse
model? Veterinary Research., 43:29. doi:10.1186/1297-
9716-43-29. |
|
|
|
28. Bosseray, N. (1993) Control methods and thresholds of
acceptability for anti-Brucella vaccines. Dev. Biol. Stand.,
79: 121–128. |
|
|
|
29. OIE: Bovine brucellosis. (2011) In Manual of Diagnostic
Tests and Vaccines for Terrestrial Animals. World Organization
for Animal Health, Paris, France., 1-35. |
|
|
|
30. Snedecor, G.W. and Cochran, W.G. (1994) Statistical
methods. 8th University Press Ames, Iowa, USA. |
|
|
|
31. Chachra, D., Kaur, H., Chandra, M. and Saxena, H. (2012)
Isolation, Electron Microscopy And Physicochemical
Characterization Of A Brucella phage Against Brucella abortus
Vaccine Strain S19. The Internet Journal of Microbiology., 10
(2) ; 79: 121-128. |
|
|
|
32. Ostrovskaja, N.N. and Solov'ev, N.N. (1960) B. Mikrobiol.
(Mosk.), No. 11, p. 4. |
|
|
33. Ryan, E.M., Gorman, S.P., Donnelly, R.F., R.F and Gilmore,
B.F. (2011) Recent advances in bacteriophage therapy: how
delivery routes, formulation, concentration and timing
influence the success of phage therapy. J. Pharm. Pharmacol.,
63 (10): 1253–1264.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.2042-7158.2011.01324.x |
|
|
|
34. Parnas, J. (1960) Arch. Inst. Pasteur Tunis, 37: 215. |
|
|
|
35. Pamas, J. and Burdzy, K. (1961a) Z. Immun. -Forsch., 121:
125. |
|
|
|
36. Parnas, J. and Burdzy, K. (1961b) Z. Immun. -Forsch., 122:
453. |
|
|
|
37. Drozevkina, M.S., Prostetova, N.P., and Haritonova, T.I.
(1959) Trudy Rostovskogo Protivocumnogo Instituta., 14: 173. |
|
|
|
38. Pophadze, M.S., Abagidze, T.G. and Karicasvili, L.N.
(1959) Study of the clearing effect of Brucellaphage in cases
of latent microbial infection., Second Scientific Conference
on Bacteriophagy, Tbilisi., 18-21: 81. |
|
|
|
39. Prostetova, N. P. (1959) Trudy Rostovskogo Protivoc'
umnogo Instituta., 16: 117. |
|
|
40. Oliveira A., Serenoa, R. and Azeredo, J. (2009) The
in?uence of the mode of administration in the dissemination of
three coliphages in chickens. J Poult Sci., 88: 728–733.
http://dx.doi.org/10.3382/ps.2008-00378 |
|
|
|
41. Stanford, K., McAllister, T.A., Niu, Y.D. (2010) Oral
delivery systems for encapsulated bacteriophages targeted at
Escherichia coli O157:H7 in feedlot cattle. J Food Prot., 73:
1304–1312. |
|
|
|
|
