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Review
(Published
online: 14-11-2014)
10.
Current practices
and research updates on diabetes mellitus in canine -
Pankaj Kumar, Rashmi Rekha Kumari, Manish Kumar, Sanjiv Kumar and
Asit Chakrabarti
Veterinary World, 7(11): 952-959
doi:
10.14202/vetworld.2014.952-959
Pankaj
Kumar:
Division of Livestock and Fisheries Management, ICAR Research
Complex for Eastern Region, Patna, Bihar, India;
pankajvet@gmail.com
Rashmi
Rekha Kumari:
Department of Pharmacology, Bihar Veterinary College, Patna,
Bihar, India;
rrkvet@gmail.com
Manish
Kumar:
Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology
Guwahati, Assam, India;
manishvet@gmail.com
Sanjiv
Kumar:
Department of Pathology, Bihar Veterinary College, Patna, Bihar,
India;
mrsanvet@rediffmail.com
Asit
Chakrabarti:
Division of Livestock and Fisheries Management, ICAR Research
Complex for Eastern Region, Patna, Bihar, India;
asit1963@yahoo.com
Received:
31-07-2014, Revised: 05-10-2014, Accepted: 09-10-2014, Published
online: 14-11-2014
Corresponding author:
Pankaj Kumar, e-mail: pankajvet@gmail.com
Abstract
Diabetes has evidence in ancient literatures, though recently is
being considered as one amongst the most emerging disease
condition in both human and companion animals. Diabetes mellitus
is one of the common endocrinopathy of dog characterized by
hyperglycemia, glycosuria and weight loss. Reports suggests high
fraction of canine population suffer with diabetes world over.
Studies in different veterinary hospitals of United States suggest
increase in cases of canine diabetes and decrease in case fatality
rate over time. Increase in cases of canine diabetes worldwide is
attributed to awareness amongst pet owners, better veterinary
health facilities, breed preferences by dog owners, increase
dependence on commercial feeds, obesity, etc. Diabetes in most
dogs is immune mediated and insulin dependent. Breed
predisposition in canine is attributed to dog leukocyte antigen
gene pool encoding form major histocompatibility complex-II
molecules, however research is still underway. Diagnosis of
diabetes still relies on blood sugar evaluation for screening of
canine population, though many other diagnostic methods have shown
promising benefits including measurement of fructosamine and
glycated haemoglobin. Management of diabetes in dog is based on
insulin therapy, diet modification and exercise. Use of oral
anti-diabetics drugs in canine is limited though experimental
studies have shown promising results. Alternative therapies have
been explored, but only a few approaches have shown promise for
clinical application.
Keywords: canine, diabetes mellitus, emergence, fructosamine,
glycated haemoglobin, insulin, streptozotocin.
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