Veterinary World

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Research (Published online: 16-11-2014)

12. The use of Na+ and K+ ion concentrations as potential diagnostic indicators of subclinical mastitis in dairy cows - Abdul Wahid Haron, Faez Firdaus Jesse Abdullah, Abdulnasir Tijjani, Yusuf Abba, Lawan Adamu, Konto Mohammed, Aisyah Munira Mohammed Amir, Mohammad Abubakar Sadiq and Mohd Azmi Mohd Lila

Veterinary World, 7(11): 966-969

 

 

   doi: 10.14202/vetworld.2014.966-969

 

 

Abdul Wahid Haron: Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Research Centre for Ruminant Disease, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; wahidharon@gmail.com

Faez Firdaus Jesse Abdullah: Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia;  Research Centre for Ruminant Disease, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; jesseariasamy@gmail.co

Abdulnasir Tijjani: Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; nasirvet69@gmail.com

Yusuf Abba: Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; yabbavet@gmail.com

Lawan Adamu: Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; drlawan3758@yahoo.com

Konto Mohammed: Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; kontomohammed@yahoo.com

Aisyah Munira Mohammed Amir: Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; aisyahmunira@gmail.com

Mohammad Abubakar Sadiq: Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; masadiqvet@gmail.com

Mohd Azmi Mohd Lila: Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor,

Malaysia; azmi@upm.edu.my

 

Received: 08-07-2014, Revised: 12-10-2014, Accepted: 21-10-2014, Published online: 16-11-2014

 

Corresponding author: Abdul Wahid Haron, e-mail: wahidharon@gmail.com



Aim: This study was conducted to evaluate the concentrations of sodium (Na+) and potassium (K+) ions in milk of lactating dairy cows with and without subclinical mastitis as putative indicators for detecting subclinical mastitis in dairy cows.

Materials and Methods: Thirty seven lactating dairy cows were screened for the evidence of subclinical mastitis using California mastitis test (CMT). The lactating dairy cows were categorized as CMT-Positive (CMT-P; n=20) and CMT-Negative (CMT-N; n=17) based on whether they were positive or negative for CMT using a standard kit. The CMT-P lactating dairy cows were further sub divided into subclinical 1+ (S1+; n=6), subclinical 2+ (S2+; n=9), and subclinical 3+(S3+; n=5). Direct microscopy somatic cell count (SCC) was used to determine the SCC using Wright’s stain. The samples were filtered and diluted at 1:100 dilutions before being measured for the concentrations of Na+ and K+ using atomic absorption spectrophotometer.

Results: There was a significant increase (p<0.05) in SCCs and Na+ concentration in the milk of CMT-P dairy cows, with a mean Log10 SCC score of 5.35±0.06 cells/ml and mean Na+ concentration of 232±19.1 mg/dL. However, there was a significant reduction (p<0.05) in the concentration of K+ (123±7.6 mg/dL) in the milk samples of the CMT-P cows. There were significant differences (p<0.05) in SCC, Na+ and K+ concentrations between milk samples from the CMT-N dairy cows and CMT-P subgroups; S1+, S2+, and S3+ respectively. Potassium (K+) concentration had a significant strong negative correlation with sodium (Na+) concentration (r=−0.688; p<0.01) and weak positive correlation with SCC (r=−0.436; p<0.01). The sensitivity of using Na+ and K+ concentrations as detection indices for sub-clinical mastitis is 40% and 90%, respectively, while the specificity of each was 100%.

Conclusion: This study thus shows that evaluation of Na+ and K+ concentrations from milk samples of dairy cows with sub clinical mastitis can be of immense diagnostic benefit and will compliments detection using CMT alone.

Keywords: potassium ion, sodium ion, somatic cell count, subclinical mastitis.



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