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Research
(Published
online: 05-11-2014)
3. Assessment of optimum thermal humidity
index for crossbred dairy cows in Dehradun district, Uttarakhand,
India - Shweta Kohli,
U. K. Atheya and A.
Thapliyal
Veterinary World, 7(11): 916-921
doi:
10.14202/vetworld.2014.916-921
Shweta
Kohli:
Department of Biotechnology, Graphic Era University, Dehradun,
Uttarakhand, India;
shwetakohli4386@gmail.com
U. K.
Atheya:
Department of Veterinary Diagnostic, Molecular Biology and Genetic
Engineering Center, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India;
ukatheya@gmail.com
A.
Thapliyal:
Department of Biotechnology, Graphic Era University, Dehradun,
Uttarakhand, India; ashish.thapliyal@geu.ac.in
Received:
16-07-2014, Revised: 26-09-2014, Accepted: 30-09-2014, Published
online: 05-11-2014
Corresponding author:
Shweta Kohli, e-mail: shwetakohli4386@gmail.com
Abstract
Aim:
Uttarakhand is a relatively new state and many cross bred
cattle were introduced to boost the milk yield of the state.
Despite all efforts the milk yield of dairy in Uttarakhand is
comparatively low. In our study, we assessed the effect of heat
stress on milk production, using thermal humidity index (THI) in
high (cross bred cattle) and low milk producing (LMP) cows (native
cows) in Dehradun district of Uttarakhand, India.
Materials and Methods: Effect of heat stress was measured on
high and LMP cross bred cows using THI maintained on standard
feeding and nutritional value. Daily ambient temperature and
relative humidity were recorded to calculate the THI. Daily milk
production was noted to verify the effect of heat stress.
Furthermore, profile the thyroid hormones using enzyme-linked
immunosorbent assay.
Results: Low yielding cows did not show any significant change
when the THI was above 72 from month June to October during stress
condition. But high yielding cows shows a significant decrease
(p<0.05) in milk yield when THI was above 80 (severe stress zone)
in the month of June to October and milk production decrease from
an average of 18±1.4 to 10.9±0.92 L whereas in November-December
when THI declines in the zone of comfort the milk yield did not
show significant rise. The thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) level were
found lower in summer heat stress condition for a high yielding
cattle.
Conclusion: Summer heat stress significantly decreased milk
yield in high milk producing (HMP) crossbred cows. As THI rises
from comfort zone to stress zone milk yield decreased by 30-40%
and this loss in milk production is irreversible. Management
strategies should be needed as environmental control housing is
suggested for the HMP crossbred cattle to minimize the heat
stress. If all the dairies with cross bred cattle implement these
small modifications in housing of cattle, there would be a huge
increase in milk production.
Keywords: cross bred dairy cow, heat stress, milk production.
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