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R esearch
(Published online:
09-07-2015)
4.
Two-dimensional and three-dimensional
ultrasonography for pregnancy diagnosis and antenatal fetal
development in Beetal goats - Kailash Kumar, Ramesh
Kumar Chandolia, Sarvan Kumar, Madan Pal and Sandeep Kumar
Veterinary World, 8(7): 835-840
doi:
10.14202/vetworld.2015.835-840
Kailash Kumar:
Department of Veterinary Gynaecology & Obstetrics, College of
Veterinary Science, Lala Lajpat Rai University of
Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar, Haryana, India;
dr.kailashbishnoi@gmail.com
Ramesh Kumar Chandolia:
Department of Veterinary Gynaecology & Obstetrics, College of
Veterinary Science, Lala Lajpat Rai University of
Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar, Haryana, India; rchandolia@yahoo.com
Sarvan Kumar:
Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Science,
Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences,
Hisar, Haryana, India; drsrvn38@gmail.com
Madan Pal:
Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, College of
Veterinary Science, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and
Animal Sciences, Hisar, Haryana, India; drmadanlega@gmail.com
Sandeep Kumar: Department of Veterinary Gynaecology &
Obstetrics, College of Veterinary Science, Lala Lajpat Rai
University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar, Haryana,
India;
sandeeppanihar48@gmail.com
Received: 01-03-2015, Revised: 28-05-2015, Accepted: 06-06-2015,
Published online: 09-07-2015
Corresponding author:
Kailash Kumar, e-mail: dr.kailashbishnoi@gmail.com
Citation:
Kumar K, Chandolia RK,
Kumar S, Pal M, Kumar S (2015) Two-dimensional and
three-dimensional ultrasonography for pregnancy diagnosis and
antenatal fetal development in Beetal goats, Veterinary World 8(7):
835-840.
Abstract
Aim:
The objective of this study
was to compare two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D)
study of the pregnant uterus and antenatal development of the
fetus.
Materials and Methods: 2D
and 3D ultrasound were performed from day 20 to 120 of gestation,
twice in week from day 20 to 60 and once in week from day 60 to
120 of gestation on six goats. The ultrasonographic images were
obtained using Toshiba, Nemio-XG (Japan) 3D ultrasound machine.
Results: On the 20th
day of gestation, earliest diagnosis
of pregnancy was done. First 3D ultrasonographic image of the
conceptus, through transabdominal approach, was obtained on day
24. On 39th
day, clear pictures of
conceptus, amniotic membrane, and umbilicus were seen. On 76th
day of gestation, internal
organs of fetus viz
heart, kidney, liver, urinary bladder,
and stomach were seen both in 2D and 3D images. 3D imaging showed
better details of uterine structures and internal organs of the
fetus.
Conclusions: Comparing 3D
images with 2D images, it is concluded that 2D was better in
visualizing fluid while 3D images were better to view details of
attachment of fetus with endometrium.
Keywords:
fetal development, goats, pregnancy,
three-dimensional, two-dimensional, ultrasonography.
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