Open Access
Copyright: The authors. This article is an open access
article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0) which permits unrestricted use,
distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly
cited.
R esearch
(Published online: 28-03-2015)
28.
Comparative antibiogram of coagulase-negative
Staphylococci (CNS) associated with subclinical and
clinical mastitis in dairy cows - B. K. Bansal, D. K.
Gupta, T. A. Shafi and S. Sharma
Veterinary World, 8(3): 421-426
doi:
10.14202/vetworld.2015.421-426
B. K.
Bansal:
Department of Veterinary Medicine, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and
Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana - 1410 04, Punjab, India;
baljinderbansal@rediffmail.com
D. K.
Gupta:
Department of Veterinary Medicine, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and
Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana - 1410 04, Punjab, India;
drdhirajvet@yahoo.co.in
T. A.
Shafi:
Department of Veterinary Medicine, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and
Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana - 1410 04, Punjab, India;
tawheed78@gmail.com
S.
Sharma: Department of Veterinary Medicine, Guru Angad Dev
Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana - 1410 04,
Punjab, India;
drshukriti@yahoo.co.in
Received: 01-11-2014, Revised: 19-02-2015, Accepted: 01-03-2015,
Published online: 28-03-2015
Corresponding author:
D. K. Gupta, e-mail: drdhirajvet@yahoo.co.in
Citation:
Bansal BK, Gupta DK,
Shafi TA, Sharma S (2015) Comparative antibiogram of coagulase-negative
Staphylococci associated with subclinical and clinical
mastitis in dairy cows, Veterinary World 8(3): 421-426.
Abstract
Aim:
The present study was planned to determine the in vitro
antibiotic susceptibility of coagulase-negative Staphylococci
(CNS) strains isolated from clinical and subclinical cases of
mastitis in dairy cows. Antibiotic sensitivity profile will be
helpful to recommend early therapy at the field level prior to
availability of CST results.
Materials and Methods: The milk samples from cases of clinical
mastitis received in Mastitis Laboratory, Guru Angad Dev
Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana and those of
subclinical mastitis collected during routine screening of state
dairy farms, were subjected to microbial culture. Identification
of CNS organisms was done by standard biochemical tests.
Antibiotic sensitivity testing, based on 30 antibiotics belonging
to 12 groups, was done on 58 randomly selected CNS isolates
(clinical isolates: 41, subclinical isolates: 17).
Results: Isolates were highly susceptible to chloramphenicol
(98.3%), gentamicin (93.1%), streptomycin (91.4%), linezolid
(91.4%), ceftixozime (87.9%), cloxacillin (86.2%), clotrimazole
(86.2%), bacitracin (86.2%), enrofloxacin (84.5%) and ceftrioxone
+ tazobactum (70.7%), while resistance was observed against
amoxicillin (77.6%), penicillin (75.9%), ampicillin (74.1%) and
cefoperazone (51.7%). Overall, isolates from clinical cases of
mastitis had a higher resistance than subclinical isolates.
Conclusion: CNS isolates were susceptible to chloramphenicol,
gentamicin and streptomycin, while higher resistance was recorded
against routinely used penicillin group.
Keywords: antibiotic, coagulase-negative
staphylococci, cows, culture and mastitis.
References
1. Thorberg, B.M., Dnielsson-Tham, E.L., Emanuelson, U. and
Waller, P. (2009) Bovine subclinical mastitis caused by
different types of coagulase-negative staphylococci. J. Diary.
Sci., 92: 4962-4970.
http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.2009-2184
PMid:19762813 |
|
|
2. Denis, M., Lacy-Hulbert, S.J., Buddle, B.M., Williamson,
J.H. and Wedlock, D.N. (2011) Streptococcus uberis-specific T
cells are present in mammary gland secretions of cows and can
be activated to kill S. uberis. Vet. Res. Community, 35:
145-156.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11259-011-9462-1
PMid:21279814 |
|
|
|
3. Bansal, B.K. and Gupta, D.K. (2009) Economic analysis of
bovine mastitis in India and Punjab- A review. Indian J. Dairy
Sci., 62(5): 337-45. |
|
|
4. Honkanen-Buzalski, T., Myllys, V. and Pyorala, S. (1994)
Bovine clinical 338 mastitis due to coagulase-negative
staphylococci and their susceptibility to antimicrobials. J.
Vet. Med., 41: 344.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0450.1994.tb00237.x |
|
|
5. Taponen, S., Supré, K., Piessens, V., Van Coillie, E., De
Vliegher, S. and Koort, J. (2012) Staphylococcus agnetis sp.
nov., a coagulase-variable species from bovine subclinical and
mild clinical mastitis. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 62:
61-65.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.028365-0
PMid:21335502 |
|
|
6. Supre, K., Haesebrouck, F., Zadoks, R.N., Vaneechoutte, M.,
Piepers, S. and De-Vliegher S. (2011) Some coagulase-negative
Staphylococcus species affect udder health more than others.
J. Dairy Sci., 94: 2329-2340.
http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.2010-3741
PMid:21524522 |
|
|
7. Pyorala, S. and Taponen, S. (2009) Coagulase-negative
staphylococci emerging mastitis pathogens. Vet. Microbiol.,
134: 3-8.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2008.09.015
PMid:18848410 |
|
|
8. Taponen, S., Koort, J., Bjorkroth, J., Saloniemi, H. and
Pyorala, S. (2007) Bovine intra-mammary infections caused by
coagulase-negative staphylococci may persist throughout
lactation according to amplified fragment length
polymorphism-based analysis. J. Dairy Sci., 90: 3301-3307.
http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.2006-860
PMid:17582115 |
|
|
9. Waller, K.P., Aspa, A., Nyman, A., Persson, Y. and
Andersson, U.G. (2011) CNS species and antimicrobial
resistance in clinical and subclinical bovine mastitis. Vet.
Microbiol., 152: 112-116.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.04.006
PMid:21561725 |
|
|
|
10. National Mastitis Council Inc. (1990) Microbiological
Procedures for the Diagnosis of Bovine Udder Infections.
National Mastitis Council Inc., Arlington, VA, USA. |
|
|
|
11. Quinn, P.J., Carter, M.E., Markey, B.K. and Carter, G.R.
(2000) Clinical Veterinary Microbiology. Mosby-Year Book
Europe Limited, London. |
|
|
12. Pitkala, A., Haveri, M., Pyorala, S., Myllys, V. and
Honkanen-Buzalski, T. (2004) Bovine mastitis in Finland 2001-
Prevalence, distribution of bacteria, and antimicrobial
resistance. J Dairy Sci., 87(8): 2433-2441.
http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(04)73366-4 |
|
|
13. Tenhagen, B.A., Koster, G., Wallman, J. and Heuwieser, W.
(2006) Prevalence of mastitis pathogens and their resistance
against antimicrobial agents in dairy cows in Brandenburg,
Germany. J. Dairy Sci., 89: 2542-2551.
http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(06)72330-X |
|
|
14. Ferguson, J.D., Azzaro, G., Gambina, M. and Licitra, G.
(2007) Prevalence of mastitis pathogens in Ragusa, Sicily,
from 2000 to 2006. J. Dairy Sci., 90: 5798-5813.
http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.2006-903
PMid:18024774 |
|
|
15. Nam, H.M., Kim, J.M., Lim, S.K., Jang, K.C. and Jung, S.C.
(2010) Infectious aetiologies of mastitis on Korean dairy
farms during 2008. Res. Vet. Sci., 88: 372-374.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rvsc.2009.12.008
PMid:20074762 |
|
|
16. Piessens, V., Van-Coillie, E., Verbist, B., Supré, K.,
Braem, G., Van-Nuffel, A., De-Vuyst, L., Heyndrickx, M. and
De-Vliegher, S. (2011) Distribution of coagulase-negative
Staphylococcus species from milk and environment of dairy cows
differs between herds. J. Dairy Sci., 94: 2933-2944.
http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.2010-3956
PMid:21605763 |
|
|
17. Abrahmsen, M., Persson, Y., Kanyima, M.B. and Bage, R.
(2012) Prevalence of subclinical mastitis in dairy farms in
urban and peri-urban areas of Kampala, Uganda. Trop. Anim.
Health Prod., 46(1): 99-105.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11250-013-0455-7
PMid:23955012 PMCid:PMC3895220 |
|
|
|
18. Byarugaba, D.K., Nakavuma, J.L., Vaarst, M. and Laker, C.
(2008) Mastitis occurrence and constraints to mastitis control
in smallholder dairy farming systems in Uganda. Livest. Res.
Rural Dev., 20: 1-3. |
|
|
19. Haftu, R., Habtamu, T., Getachew, G. and Kalayou, S.
(2012) Prevalence, bacterial causes, and antimicrobial
susceptibility profile of mastitis isolates from cows in
large-scale dairy farms of Northern Ethiopia. Trop. Anim.
Health Prod., 44: 1765-1771.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11250-012-0135-z
PMid:22476790 |
|
|
20. Karimuribo, E.D., Fitzpatrick, J.L., Bell, C.E., Swai,
E.S., Kambarage, D.M., Ogden, N. H., Bryant, M.J. and French,
N.P. (2006) Clinical and subclinical mastitis in smallholder
dairy farms in Tanzania: Risk, intervention and knowledge
transfer. Prev. Vet. Med., 74: 83-98.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.prevetmed.2006.01.009
PMid:16488030 |
|
|
21. Gianneechini, R., Concha, C., Rivero, R., Delucci, I. and
Moreno Lopez, J. (2002) Occurrence of clinical and
sub-clinical mastitis in dairy herds in the West Littoral
region in Uruguay. Acta Vet. Scand., 43: 221-230.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1751-0147-43-221
PMid:12831175 PMCid:PMC1764198 |
|
|
22. Gentilini, E., Denamiel, G., Betancor, A., Rebuelto, M.,
Rodriguez, M. and De-Torrest, R.A. (2002) Antimicrobial
susceptibility of coagulase-negative staphylococci isolated
from bovine mastitis in Argentina. J. Dairy Sci., 85:
1913-1917.
http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(02)74267-7 |
|
|
23. Rajala-Schultz, P.J., Torres, A.H., Degraves, F.J.,
Gebreyes, W.A. and Patchanee, P. (2009) Antimicrobial
resistance and genotypic characterization of
coagulase-negative staphylococci over the dry period. Vet.
Microbiol., 134: 55-64.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2008.09.008
PMid:18950963 |
|
|
|
24. Kenar, B., Kuyucuoğlu, Y. and Şeker, E. (2012) Antibiotic
susceptibility of coagulase-negative staphylococci isolated
from bovine subclinical mastitis in Turkey. Pak. Vet. J.,
32(3): 390-393. |
|
|
25. Odd, G.B. and Maeland, J.A. (1997) Mechanisms of
methicillin resistance instaphylococci. AMPIS, 105: 264-276.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1699-0463.1997.tb00568.x |
|
|
26. Archer, G.L. and Scott, J. (1991) Conjugative transfer
genes in staphylococcal isolates from the United States.
Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 35: 2500-2504.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AAC.35.12.2500
PMid:1810183 PMCid:PMC245420 |
|
|
27. Myllys, V., Asplund, K., Brofeldt, E., Hirvela-Koski, V.,
Honkanen-Buzalski, T., Junttila, J., Kulkas, L., Myllykangas,
O., Niskanen, M., Saloniemi, H., Sandholm, M. and Saranpaa, T.
(1998) Bovine mastitis in Finland in 1988 and 1995–changes in
prevalence and antimicrobial resistance. Acta. Vet. Scand.,
39: 119-126.
PMid:9592952 |
|
|
28. Dhakal, I.P., Dhakal, P., Koshihara, T. and Nagahata, H.
(2007) Epidemology and Bacteriology survey of buffalo mastitis
in Nepal. J Vet. Med. Sci., 69: 1241-1245.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1292/jvms.69.1241
PMid:18176019 |
|
|
|
29. Sumathia, B.R., Veeregowda, B.M. and Gomes, A.R. (2008)
Prevalence and antibiogram profile of bacterial isolates from
clinical bovine mastitis. Vet. World, 1(8): 237-238. |
|
|
|
30. Anakalo, S., Gathoni, A., Tura, G. and Milcah, M. (2004)
Prevelence of bovine mastitis amongst small holder dairy herds
in Kenya. Isr. J. Vet. Med., 59: 1-2. |
|
|
|
31. Alekish, M.O., Al-Qudah, K.M. and Al-Saleh, A. (2013)
Prevalence of antimicrobial resistance among bacterial
pathogens isolated from bovine mastitis in northern Jordan.
Rev. Méd. Vét., 164(6): 319-326. |
|
|
32. Luthje, P. and Schwarz, S. (2006) Antimicrobial resistance
of coagulase-negative staphylococci from bovine subclinical
mastitis with particular reference to macrolide-lincosamide
resistance phenotypes and genotypes. J. Antimicrob. Chemother,
57: 966-969.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jac/dkl061
PMid:16524893 |
|
|
|
33. Mahami, T., Odonkor, S., Yaro, M. and Adu-Gyamfi, A.
(2011) Prevalence of antibiotic resistant bacteria in milk
sold in Accra. Int. Res. J. Microbiol., 2(4): 126-132. |
|
|
34. Kalmus, P., Aasmae, B., Karssin, A., Orro, T. and Kask, K.
(2011) Udder pathogens and their resistance to antimicrobial
agents in dairy cows in Estonia. Acta Vet. Scand., 53(1): 4.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1751-0147-53-4
PMid:21299911 PMCid:PMC3041692 |
|
