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R esearch
(Published online:
30-09-2015)
20. Replacement
of inorganic zinc with lower levels of organic zinc (zinc
nicotinate) on performance, hematological and serum biochemical
constituents, antioxidants status, and immune responses in rats
- D. Nagalakshmi, K. Sridhar and S. Parashuramulu
Veterinary World, 8(9): 1156-1162
doi:
10.14202/vetworld.2015.1156-1162
D.
Nagalakshmi:
Department of Animal Nutrition, College of Veterinary Science,
Korutla, Karimnagar - 505 326, Telangana, India; dnlakshmi@rediffmail.com
K.
Sridhar:
Department of Animal Nutrition, College of Veterinary Science,
Hyderabad - 500 030, Telangana, India; sri.vety@gmail.com
S.
Parashuramulu: Department of Animal Nutrition, College of
Veterinary Science, Hyderabad - 500 030, Telangana, India;
shanigaramparashuram@gmail.com
Received: 01-04-2015, Revised: 22-08-2015, Accepted: 31-08-2015,
Published online: 30-09-2015
Corresponding author:
D. Nagalakshmi, e-mail: dnlakshmi@rediffmail.com
Citation:
Nagalakshmi D, Sridhar
K, Parashuramulu S (2015) Replacement of inorganic zinc with lower
levels of organic zinc (zinc nicotinate) on performance,
hematological and serum biochemical constituents, antioxidants
status and immune responses in rats, Veterinary World 8(9):1156-1162.
Abstract
Aim:
A study was undertaken to investigate the effect of organic
zinc (zinc nicotinate, Zn-nic) supplementation (6, 9, and 12 ppm)
compared to inorganic zinc (12 ppm) on growth performance,
hematology, serum biochemical constituents oxidative stress, and
immunity in weaned female Sprague–Dawley rats.
Material and Methods: A 48 weaned rats (285.20±1.95 g) were
randomly distributed to 4 dietary treatments with 6 replicates in
each and reared in polypropylene cages for 10 weeks. Basal diet
(BD) was formulated with purified ingredients without zinc (Zn).
Four dietary treatments were prepared by adding 12 ppm Zn from
ZnCO 3 (control) and 6, 9, and 12 ppm Zn from
Zn-nic to the BD. On 42nd day, blood was
collected by retro-orbital puncture for analyzing hematological
constituents, glucose, cholesterol, alkaline phosphatase, total
protein, albumin, and globulin and antioxidant enzyme activities.
At 43rd day, rats were antigenically
challenged with sheep red blood cell (RBC) to assess humoral
immune response and on 70th day
cell-mediated immune response.
Results: Weekly body weight gains, daily feed intake, blood
hematological constituents (white blood cell, RBC, hemoglobin
concentration, packed cell volume, mean corpuscular volume,
lymphocyte, monocyte, and granulocyte concentration) and serum
glucose, total protein levels were comparable among the rats feed
Zn from ZnCO 3 and Zn-nic (6, 9, and 12 ppm).
Serum cholesterol reduced with organic Zn supplementation at
either concentration (6-12 ppm). Serum globulin concentration
reduced (p<0.05) with 6 ppm Zn-nic supplementation compared to
other dietary treatments. Lipid peroxidation lowered (p<0.05)
reduced with 12 ppm organic Zn; thiobarbituric acid reacting
substances and protein carbonyls concentrations in liver reduced
(p<0.05) with 9 and 12 ppm levels of organic Zn supplementation
compared to 12 ppm Zn supplementation from inorganic source. RBC
catalase and glutathione peroxidase enzymes activities were
highest (p<0.05) in rats supplemented with 12 ppm Zn-nic, followed
by 9 ppm. Comparable immune response (humoral and cell-mediated)
was observed between 12 ppm inorganic Zn and 9 ppm organic Zn and
higher (p<0.05) immune response was noticed at 12 ppm Zn-nic
supplementation.
Conclusion: Based on the results, it is
concluded that dietary Zn concentration can be reduced by 50% (6
ppm) as Zn nicotinate without affecting growth performance, hemato-biochemical
constituents, antioxidant status, and immunity. In addition,
replacement of 12 ppm inorganic Zn with 12 ppm organic Zn
significantly improved antioxidant status and immune response.
Keywords: antioxidants status, hematological
and serum biochemical constituents, immune responses, performance,
rats, zinc nicotinate.
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