Open Access
Research
(Published
online: 25-06-2016)
19.
Prevalence of coccidiosis among village
and exotic breed of chickens in Maiduguri, Nigeria -
Jallailudeen Rabana Lawal, Saleh Mohammed Jajere, Umar Isa
Ibrahim, Yaqub Ahmed Geidam, Isa Adamu Gulani, Gambo Musa and
Benjamin U. Ibekwe
Veterinary World, 9(6): 653-659
doi:
10.14202/vetworld.2016.653-659
Jallailudeen Rabana Lawal:
Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary
Medicine, University of Maiduguri, PMB 1069, Maiduguri, Borno
State, Nigeria; rabanajallailudeen@yahoo.com
Saleh Mohammed Jajere:
Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine,
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maiduguri, PMB
1069, Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria; drmsjajere@unimaid.edu.ng
Umar Isa Ibrahim:
Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary
Medicine, University of Maiduguri, PMB 1069, Maiduguri, Borno
State, Nigeria; umarisaibrahim@yahoo.com
Yaqub Ahmed Geidam:
Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary
Medicine, University of Maiduguri, PMB 1069, Maiduguri, Borno
State, Nigeria; yageidam@unimaid.edu.ng
Isa Adamu Gulani:
Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary
Medicine, University of Maiduguri, PMB 1069, Maiduguri, Borno
State, Nigeria; isahgulani@gmail.com
Gambo Musa:
Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary
Medicine, University of Maiduguri, PMB 1069, Maiduguri, Borno
State, Nigeria; gambomusa411@gmail.com
Benjamin U. Ibekwe:
Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary
Medicine, University of Maiduguri, PMB 1069, Maiduguri, Borno
State, Nigeria; bendvm@yahoo.com
Received: 27-12-2015, Accepted: 16-05-2016, Published online:
25-06-2016
Corresponding author:
Saleh Mohammed Jajere, e-mail: drmsjajere@unimaid.edu.ng
Citation:
Lawal JR, Jajere SM, Ibrahim UI, Geidam YA, Gulani IA, Musa G,
Ibekwe BU (2016) Prevalence of coccidiosis among village and
exotic breed of chickens in Maiduguri, Nigeria,
Veterinary World, 9(6),
653-659.
Abstract
Aim:
Coccidiosis is an important enteric parasitic disease of poultry
associated with significant economic losses to poultry farmers
worldwide. This survey was conducted from June 2014 through July
2015 with the main goal of investigating the prevalence and
associated risk factors of coccidiosis among village and exotic
breeds of chickens in Maiduguri, Northeastern Nigeria.
Materials and Methods:
A total of 600 fecal samples from live and slaughtered birds
comprising 284 young, 141, growers and 175 adult birds; 379 male
and 221 female birds; 450 exotic and 150 local breeds of birds
were randomly collected either as bird’s fresh droppings or
cutting open an eviscerated intestine of slaughtered birds,
while noting their age, sex, and breeds. Samples were analyzed
using standard parasitological methods and techniques.
Results:
An overall prevalence rate of 31.8% (95% confidence interval:
28.07-35.52) was obtained. Higher prevalence rates were recorded
in growing birds 58.9% (50.78-67.02), female birds 35.3%
(29.00-41.60), exotic birds 42.4% (37.83- 46.97), and broiler
birds 68.7% (61.28-76.12). Similarly, higher infection rates
were also observed among birds sampled from Mairi ward 66.7%
(56.03-77.37), intensive management system 46.5% (41.61-51.39),
and constructed local cages 54.0% (46.02-61.98). The difference
in prevalence of coccidiosis among age groups, breeds, among
exotic breeds, sampling locations, husbandry management systems,
and litter management systems was statistically significant
(<0.0001). However, no significant difference (p>0.05) of
infection rates was observed in sex.
Conclusion:
Coccidiosis is endemic in both commercial and backyard poultry
farms in Maiduguri due to poor management practices encouraging
Eimeria
oocysts build-up. It is therefore, recommended that poultry
farmers should practice strict biosecurity measures on their
farms, creating awareness on the prevalence of coccidiosis,
routine vaccination against coccidiosis and educating poultry
farmers on the need for maintaining good hygienic standards and
good flock health management.
Keywords:
coccidiosis, exotic breeds, Maiduguri, Northeastern Nigeria,
prevalence, village chickens.
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