Open Access
Research
(Published
online: 28-10-2016)
20.
Evaluation of salivary electrolytes during
estrous cycle in Murrah buffaloes with reference to estrus
detection -
Indu Devi, Pawan Singh, Surerder Singh Lathwal, A. Kumaresan and
Kuldeep Dudi
Veterinary World, 9(10): 1157-1161
doi:
10.14202/vetworld.2016.1157-1161
Indu Devi:
Livestock Production Management Section, ICAR - National Dairy
Research Institute, Karnal - 132 001, Haryana, India;
indulathwal@gmail.com
Pawan Singh:
Livestock Production Management Section, ICAR - National Dairy
Research Institute, Karnal - 132 001, Haryana, India;
pawansinghdabas@gmail.com
Surerder Singh Lathwal:
Livestock Production Management Section, ICAR - National Dairy
Research Institute, Karnal - 132 001, Haryana, India;
lathwal314@gmail.com
A. Kumaresan:
Department of Animal Reproduction (Livestock Production
Management), Livestock Research Centre, ICAR - National Dairy
Research Institute, Karnal - 132 001, Haryana, India;
ogkumaresan@gmail.com
Kuldeep Dudi:
Animal Nutrition Group, National Dairy Development Board,
SCF-80, Panchkula - 134 109, Haryana, India; dr.dudi.kuldeep@gmail.com
Received: 04-06-2016, Accepted: 14-09-2016, Published Online:
28-10-2016
Corresponding author:
Indu Devi, e-mail: indulathwal@gmail.com
Citation:
Devi I, Singh P, Lathwal SS, Kumaresan A, Dudi K (2016)
Evaluation of salivary electrolytes during estrous cycle in
Murrah buffaloes with reference to estrus detection,
Veterinary World, 9(10):
1157-1161.
Abstract
Aim:
Timely estrus detection is one of the critical factors for
increasing reproductive efficiency in buffaloes. In recent
decades, saliva has become a more popular as a noninvasive
source for determining physiological status of animals by
various biochemical electrolytes. This study was designed to
assess and correlate changes in different salivary minerals
concentration (calcium, inorganic phosphorus, magnesium, sodium,
potassium, and chloride) during different stages of the estrous
cycle in Murrah buffaloes.
Materials and Methods:
The saliva samples were collected during the different phases of
the estrous cycle from 20 Murrah buffaloes in early morning
hours and were assayed using respective minerals assay kits.
Results:
The concentrations of calcium (8.76±0.08-12.11±0.11 mg/dl),
inorganic phosphorus (6.56±0.13-14.72±4.50 mg/dl), magnesium
(2.27±0.14-5.79±0.15 mg/dl), sodium (139.47±0.31-159.62±1.22
mmol/L), potassium (12.40±0.22-26.85±1.22 mmol/L), and chloride
(109.28±0.41-137.07±0.68 mmol/L) varied during the different
phases of estrous cycle. The concentration of calcium, inorganic
phosphorus, magnesium, sodium, potassium, and chloride in saliva
were significantly (p<0.01) higher during estrus phase compared
to other phases of the estrous cycle. All these minerals were
positively and significantly (p<0.0001) related to estrogen
concentration while salivary concentrations of calcium,
magnesium, sodium, and chloride showed a significant (p<0.0001)
negative correlation with progesterone level in blood plasma.
Conclusion:
These preliminary findings indicate that there are definite
variations in salivary mineral and electrolyte concentrations
during different phases of the estrous cycle. These results may
be used as an aid for estrus detection/ confirmation in
buffaloes although validation of the results using a large
number of animals is required.
Keywords:
heat detection, noninvasive method, saliva electrolytes, silent
heat.
References
|
1. Srivastava, A.K. and Kumaresan, A. (2014) Scope of
buffaloes in Indian dairy industry. Asian Buffalo Mag., 1:
16-27. |
|
|
|
2. Bulletin of World Dairy Situation. (2013). Available
from: www.ukidf.org/documents/WorldDairySituation2013.pdf.
Last accessed on 12-10-2016. |
|
|
|
3. Available from: www.icar.org.in/Vision%202050%20NRCM,%20Hyderabad.pdf.
Last accessed on 13-10-2016 |
|
|
|
4. Department of Animal Husbandry, Dairying and Fisheries
(2012). Government of India, 19th Livestock Census.
Available from: dahd.nic.in/sites/default/files/19%20th%20Livestock%20%202012.pdf.
Last accessed on 12-10-2016. |
|
|
|
5. Thakur, K.S.R., Kumar, N., Kumar, P., Chaurasia, S. and
Patel, N.B. (2013) Heat detection techniques in cattle and
buffalo. Vet. World, 6(6): 363-369. |
|
|
6. Dadlani, A.G., Chandwani, S., Desai, C.A. and Pandya, K.D.
(1982) Serum electrolytes during various phases of menstrual
cycle. Indian J. Phys. Pharmacol., 26: 302-306.
PMid:7152639 |
|
|
7. Brommage, R., Binacua, C. and Carrie, A.L. (1993)
Ovulation associated increase in intestinal calcium
absorption during the rat estrous cycle is blunted by
ovariectomy. Biol. Reprod., 49(3): 544-548.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1095/biolreprod49.3.544 |
|
|
|
8. Alagendran, S., Archunan, G. and Achiraman, S. (2007)
Prediction of ovulation in women through the occurrence of
salivary fern prototype. ICFAI J. Life Sci., 1: 7-15. |
|
|
9. Landau, R.L. and Lugibih, K. (1958) Inhibition of the
sodium-retaining influence of aldosterone by progesterone.
J. Clin. Endocr. Metab., 18: 1237-1245.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jcem-18-11-1237
PMid:13587641 |
|
|
10. Patricia, A.D. (1987) Magnesium and zinc status during
menstrual cycle. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol., 157: 964-968.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0002-9378(87)80096-0 |
|
|
|
11. Ali, F., Lodhi, L.A., Qureshi, Z.I., Samad, H.A. and
Shahid, R.U. (2004) Some serum biochemical constituents of
mares during different phases of reproductive cycle. Pak.
Vet. J., 24(3): 147-152. |
|
|
12. Pitkin, R.M., Reynolds, W.A., Williams, G.A. and Hargis,
G.K. (1978) Calcium-regulating hormones during the menstrual
cycle. J. Clin. Endocr. Metab., 47: 626-632.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jcem-47-3-626
PMid:263315 |
|
|
|
13. Silberberg, M. and Silberberg, R. (1956) Steroid
hormones and bone. In: Bourne, G.H., editor. Biochemistry
and Physiology of Bone. Academic Press, New York. p632-644. |
|
|
14. Johnson, A.J., James, J.O., Baumber, J.S. and Schneider,
E.G. (1970) Effect of estrogen and progesterone on
electrolyte balance in normal dog. Am. J. Physiol., 219:
1691-1697.
PMid:5485687 |
|
|
15. Mikkelsen, W.M., Dodge, H.J., Valkenburg, H. and Himes,
S. (1965) The distribution of serum uric acid values in a
population unselected as to gout and hyperuricaemia. Am. J.
Med., 39: 242-251.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0002-9343(65)90048-3 |
|
|
|
16. Alagendran, S., Devi, C.A., Karthikeyan, K., Arulmozhi,
N. and Pushpa, N. (2009) Evaluation of thyroid profile in
human saliva with special reference to ovulation. Res. J.
Med. Sci., 4: 441-445. |
|
|
|
17. Pattanasuttinont, S., Sereepapong, W. and Suwajanakorn,
S. (2007) The salivary ferning test and ovulation in
clomiphene citrate-stimulated cycles. Med. Assoc. Thai., 90:
876-883. |
|
|
18. Oster, G. and Yang, S.L. (1972) Cyclic variation of
sialic acid content in saliva. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol., 114:
190-193.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0002-9378(72)90056-7 |
|
|
|
19. Yilmaz, O., Yazici, E., Kahraman, A., Ozenc, E. and
Ucar, M. (2014) The relationship between ovarian follicle
population and follicle size during different stages of
estrous cycle in Anatolian Water buffaloes (Bubalus
bubalis). Rev. Méd. Vét., 165(3-4): 111-115. |
|
|
20. Mondal, S., Suresh, K.P. and Nandi, S. (2010) Endocrine
profile of oestrous cycle in buffaloes: A meta-analysis.
Asian Aust. J. Anim., 23(2): 169-174.
http://dx.doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2010.90193 |
|
|
21. Pahwa, G.S. and Pandey, R.S. (1983) Gonadal steroid
hormone concentration in blood plasma and milk of
primiparous and multiparous pregnant and non pregnant
buffaloes. Theriogenology, 19: 491-505.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0093-691X(83)90170-X |
|
|
22. Rao, T.K.S., Kumar, N., Kumar, P., Chaurasia, S. and
Patel, N.B. (2013) Heat detection techniques in cattle and
buffalo. Vet. World, 6(6): 363-369.
http://dx.doi.org/10.5455/vetworld.2013.363-369 |
|
|
|
23. Suthar, V.S. and Dhami, A.J. (2010) Estrus detection
methods in Buffalo. Vet. World, 3(2): 93-96. |
|
