Vet World Vol.10 July-2017 Article-14
Research Article
Veterinary World, 10(7): 790-797
https://doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2017.790-797
Phenotypic approach artemisinin resistance in malaria rodent as in vivo model
2. Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Airlangga University Surabaya, Indonesia.
3. Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Airlangga University Surabaya, Indonesia.
4. Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Airlangga University Surabaya, Indonesia.
Background and Aim: The aim of this study is to prove the development of artemisinin resistance phenotypically in malaria rodent as an in vivo resistance development model in humans.
Materials and Methods: Plasmodium berghei was infected intraperitoneally in mice, then artemisinin was given with "4-day-test" with effective dose (ED) 99% dose for 3 days which begins 48 h after infection (D2, D3, and D4). Parasite development was followed during 5th until 10th days of infection. After parasitemia >2% of red blood cell which contains parasites on 1 mice, that mice were used as donor to be passaged on the new 5 mice. After that, parasitemia was calculated. ED50 and ED90 were examined with parasite clearance time (PCT), recrudescence time (RT), and also morphology development examination of intraerythrocytic cycle of P. berghei with transmission electron microscope.
Results: Among the control group compare with the treatment group showed significant differences at α=0.05 on 5th day (D5) until 10th day (D10). The control group of 4th passage (K4) with passage treatment group of 4th passage (P4) on the 10th days (D10) post infection showed no significant differences in the α=0.05. The average percentage of inhibition growth was decreasing which is started from 5th to 10th day post infection in P1, P2, P3, and P4. On the development of P. berghei stage, which is given repeated artemisinin and repeated passage, there was a formation of dormant and also vacuoles in Plasmodium that exposed to the drug.
Conclusion: Exposure to artemisinin with repeated passages in mice increased the value of ED50 and ED90, decreased the PCT and RT and also changes in morphology dormant and vacuole formation. Keywords: artemisinin, parasite clearance time, phenotypic, Plasmodium berghei, recrudescence time, resistance.
Keywords: artemisinin, parasite clearance time, phenotypic, Plasmodium berghei, recrudescence time, resistance.
How to cite this article: Maslachah L, Widiyatno TV, Yustinasari LR, Plumeriastuti H (2017) Phenotypic approach artemisinin resistance in malaria rodent as in vivo model, Veterinary World, 10(7): 790-797.
Received: 14-01-2017 Accepted: 05-06-2017 Published online: 19-07-2017
Corresponding author: Lilik Maslachah E-mail: lilik.maslachah@yahoo.com
DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2017.790-797
Copyright: Maslachah, et al. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http:// creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.