Development of a coagglutination kit as a rapid test for diagnosing Newcastle disease in poultry

Vet World Vol.13 August-2020 Article-33

Research Article

Veterinary World, 13(8): 1719-1724

https://doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2020.1719-1724

Muhammad Kholish Naf'an¹, Kurniasih Kurniasih², Tri Untari³, and Yos Adi Prakoso⁴

1. Student of Master of Sciences Degree, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
2. Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
3. Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
4. Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wijaya Kusuma Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia.

Background and Aim: Newcastle disease (ND) is a viral infection that causes high mortality and economic loss in the poultry industry. The Office International des Epizooties (OIE) recommends several diagnostic methods for the detection of ND, including isolation and molecular tests. However, these detection methods are time-consuming and highly expensive. Therefore, this study was conducted to develop a coagglutination kit as a novel diagnostic tool for ND in the poultry industry.

Materials and Methods: Two adult male New Zealand White rabbits weighing 2.5 kg were vaccinated using ND life vaccine intraperitoneally. The vaccination was conducted once a week for 4 weeks with multilevel doses. Rabbits' serum was collected at week 6 and inactivated at 56°C for 30 min. The serum was precipitated using ammonium sulfate and reacted with protein A of Staphylococcus aureus to produce the agglutination kit for detecting ND virus. A total of 25 chickens suspected with ND infection from a local poultry farm in Yogyakarta were used as the test samples. The chickens were necropsied, and the brain, spleen, lung, intestine, and feces were collected. Half of these organs were subjected to tests using the coagglutination kit and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The other half was processed for histopathology. Data were analyzed qualitatively.

Results: Of the 25 samples, 13 (52%) were positive for ND infection when tested using both the ND coagglutination kit and RT-PCR. The positive samples also exhibited several histopathological changes, including perivascular cuffing surrounding the cerebral blood-brain barrier, hemorrhagic pneumonia, splenitis, and necrotic hemorrhage enteritis.

Conclusion: This study confirmed that the ND coagglutination kit could be used as a novel diagnostic tool for the detection of ND virus infection in the poultry industry. Keywords: coagglutination kit, histopatology, Newcastle disease, rapid test, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction.

Keywords: coagglutination kit, histopatology, Newcastle disease, rapid test, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction.

How to cite this article: Naf'an MK, Kurniasih K, Untari T, Prakoso YA (2020) Development of a coagglutination kit as a rapid test for diagnosing Newcastle disease in poultry, Veterinary World, 13(8): 1719-1724.

Received: 07-04-2020 Accepted: 06-07-2020 Published online: 28-08-2020

Corresponding author: Kurniasih Kurniasih E-mail: kurniasih_1951@yahoo.co.id

DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2020.1719-1724

Copyright: Naf'an, et al. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http:// creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.