Nano zinc oxide – An alternate zinc supplement for livestock

Vet World Vol.13 January-2020 Article-18

Research Article

Veterinary World, 13(1): 121-126

https://doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2020.121-126

K. Geetha¹, M. Chellapandian², N. Arulnathan², and A. Ramanathan³

1. Nanotechnology Division, Periyar Maniammai Institute of Science and Technology, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India.
2. Department of Animal Nutrition, Veterinary College and Research Institute, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, India.
3. Department of Animal Husbandry, School of Agriculture and Animal Sciences, Gandhigram Rural Institute, Dindigul, Tamil Nadu, India.

Background and Aim: This study was aimed to investigate antimicrobial and cytotoxicity effect of nano ZnO in in vitro for the application of livestock feed supplement.

Materials and Methods: Nano ZnO was synthesized by wet chemical precipitation method using zinc acetate as a precursor and sodium hydroxide was used for reducing the precursor salt. The properties of synthesized powder were characterized using ultraviolet (UV)–visible spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD), respectively. In vitro antimicrobial activities were analyzed against the pathogenic bacteria in poultry Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Streptococcus aeruginosa. 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay was conducted to analyze the cytotoxicity effect of nano ZnO.

Results: SEM showed a spherical ZnO particle in the range of 70-100 nm. The size of the particle and purity of the sample were confirmed by XRD. The nano-sized ZnO particles exhibited the UV absorption peak at 335 nm. In FTIR spectroscopy, pure ZnO nanoparticles showed stretching vibrations at 4000-5000 cm-1. ZnO nanoparticles exhibited remarkable antibacterial activity against E. coli, S. aureus, K. pneumoniae, and S. aeruginosa bacterial strains. Cell viability was significantly reduced in a dose-dependent manner in the cytotoxicity study.

Conclusion: From the broad-spectrum antibacterial activity and the lower cytotoxicity observed at the prescribed dose, it is concluded that nano ZnO powder is a potential alternate zinc supplement for livestock. Keywords: antimicrobial, cytotoxicity, nano zinc oxide, precipitation method, zinc supplementation.

Keywords: antimicrobial, cytotoxicity, nano zinc oxide, precipitation method, zinc supplementation.

How to cite this article: Geetha K, Chellapandian M, Arulnathan N, Ramanathan A (2020) Nano zinc oxide – An alternate zinc supplement for livestock, Veterinary World, 13(1): 121-126.

Received: 26-09-2019 Accepted: 05-12-2019 Published online: 16-01-2020

Corresponding author: A. Ramanathan E-mail: ramanathangri@gmail.com

DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2020.121-126

Copyright: Geetha, et al. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http:// creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.