Vet World   Vol.14   July-2021  Article-2

Epidemiology of Newcastle disease in Africa with emphasis on Côte d'Ivoire: A review

Background and Aim: For decades, Newcastle disease (ND) has long been recognized as a frontline viral disease that constrains poultry production throughout Africa. The need to update on the epidemiology of the disease is rife, due to the increasing importance of poultry farming. In addition, poultry farming serves as the top animal food source globally. However, in Africa, the greater population of poultry is reared under traditional and conventional husbandry methods. This hugely impedes the ability of management practices to be correctly embraced in limiting or excluding viral pathogens in the poultry production chain. We conducted this review to consolidate recently published studies in the field and provide an overview of the disease. We reviewed original studies conducted on ND, the current taxonomic classification of the virus, clinical signs of the disease, and laboratory diagnostic methods available for virus detection and typing. This review additionally examined the control methods currently used, including available or circulating vaccines, vaccinations, recent vaccine findings, and the main variants of the virus present in West Africa. More specifically, we present a review of the current status and available information on the disease in Côte d'Ivoire. The lack of up-to-date and relevant information on the current prevalence, socio-economic impact, and ethnoveterinary medicine used against ND is probably the main limitation for appropriate and effective decision-making for better control of this disease in Côte d'Ivoire.

Keywords: control, ethnoveterinary medicine, Newcastle disease, prevalence, socio-economic impacts.

How to cite this article: Amoia CFAN, Nnadi PA, Ezema C, Couacy-Hymann E (2021) Epidemiology of Newcastle disease in Africa with emphasis on Côte d'Ivoire: A review, Veterinary World, 14(7): 1727-1740.

Received: 15-09-2020  Accepted: 03-05-2021     Published online: 03-07-2021

Corresponding author: Charlie Franck Arthur N'Guessan Amoia   E-mail: charlie.amoia.pg03696@unn.edu.ng

DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2021.1727-1740

Copyright: Amoia CFAN, et al. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http:// creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.