Tuberculosis prevalence in animals and humans in the Republic of Kazakhstan

Vet World Vol.14 September-2021 Article-10

Research Article

Veterinary World, 14(9): 2362-2370

https://doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2021.2362-2370

Kairat Altynbekovich Turgenbayev¹, Assiya Madenovna Borsynbayeva¹, Aleksandr A. Plazun¹, and Rauan K. Turgenbayev²

1. Kazakh Scientific Research Veterinary Institute, 223 Raiymbek St., Almaty, 050016, Kazakhstan.
2. Research and Production Center BioVet, 191-A Karasay batyr St., 191-A, Almaty, 050008, Kazakhstan.

Background and Aim: Tuberculosis is an infectious disease that affects humans and animals. This study aimed to review the influence of economic and organizational, veterinary, and sanitary measures on the epizootic situation of animal tuberculosis and the epidemiological situation of human tuberculosis in the Republic of Kazakhstan.

Materials and Methods: The epizootic situation of cattle tuberculosis in Kazakhstan was studied based on the annual statistics of allergy testing of animals with tuberculosis by the Committee for Veterinary Control and Supervision of the Ministry of Agriculture of the Republic of Kazakhstan, according to the results of allergic, clinical, and pathological studies, including laboratory studies of biomaterials from animals that reacted to tuberculin. Tuberculinization of cattle in the country is performed twice in the spring and autumn using tuberculin purified protein derivative for mammals. In addition, mass diagnosis of human tuberculosis is conducted by radiology.

Results: The authors assessed the epizootic situation of tuberculosis in cattle in Kazakhstan from 1991 to 2019. The analysis results showed that at the beginning, the epizootic situation in cattle tuberculosis was challenging. However, since 2001, there has been a noticeable decrease in tuberculosis in animals in Kazakhstan, which has had a favorable effect on the epidemic situation of human tuberculosis.

Conclusion: According to the analysis results, the measures used in the Republic of Kazakhstan to prevent tuberculosis improved the well-being of livestock farms. The proper conduct by qualified veterinary specialists on allergy testing of animals and differential diagnosis of nonspecific tuberculin reactions allows establishing an accurate epizootic picture of tuberculosis. Furthermore, strict adherence to instructions on the diagnosis and prevention of tuberculosis, implementation of developed veterinary, sanitary, and organization, and economic measures can improve the epizootic picture of tuberculosis, reducing the risk of human tuberculosis. Keywords: diagnostics, epizootiology, tuberculin, tuberculosis.

Keywords: diagnostics, epizootiology, tuberculin, tuberculosis.

How to cite this article: Turgenbayev KA, Borsynbayeva AM, Plazun AA, Turgenbayev RK (2021) Tuberculosis prevalence in animals and humans in the Republic of Kazakhstan, Veterinary World, 14(9): 2362-2370.

Received: 20-03-2021 Accepted: 28-07-2021 Published online: 11-09-2021

Corresponding author: Kairat Altynbekovich Turgenbayev E-mail: kairat.turgenbayev@mail.ru

DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2021.2362-2370

Copyright: Turgenbayev, et al. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http:// creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.