Counteractive role of Terminalia catappa leaf extract on hematological and coagulation disturbance in Type 2 diabetic rats

Research (Published online: 11-08-2023)

3. Counteractive role of Terminalia catappa leaf extract on hematological and coagulation disturbance in Type 2 diabetic rats

Franklyn Nonso Iheagwam, Precious Amaneshi Garuba, Olubanke Olujoke Ogunlana, and Shalom Nwodo Chinedu

Veterinary World, 16(8): 1593-1599

Franklyn Nonso Iheagwam: Department of Biochemistry, Covenant University, PMB 1023, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria; Covenant University Public Health and Wellbeing Research Cluster, Covenant University, PMB 1023, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria.

Precious Amaneshi Garuba: Department of Biochemistry, Covenant University, PMB 1023, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria.

Olubanke Olujoke Ogunlana: Department of Biochemistry, Covenant University, PMB 1023, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria; Covenant University Public Health and Wellbeing Research Cluster, Covenant University, PMB 1023, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria.

Shalom Nwodo Chinedu: Department of Biochemistry, Covenant University, PMB 1023, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria; Covenant University Public Health and Wellbeing Research Cluster, Covenant University, PMB 1023, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria.

doi: 10.14202/vetworld.2023.1593-1599

Article history: Received: 29-01-2023, Accepted: 30-06-2023, Published online: 11-08-2023

Corresponding author: Franklyn Nonso Iheagwam

E-mail: franklyn.iheagwam@covenantuniversity.edu.ng

Citation: Iheagwam FN, Garuba PA, Ogunlana OO, and Chinedu SN (2023) Counteractive role of Terminalia catappa leaf extract on hematological and coagulation disturbance in Type 2 diabetic rats, Veterinary World, 16(8): 1593-1599.

Abstract

Background and Aim: Diabetes mellitus is a leading cause of mortality worldwide associated with hyperglycemia-induced hematological aberrations and thromboembolic complications. This study aimed to explore the modulatory effect of Terminalia catappa leaf aqueous crude extract (TCLE) on hematological and coagulation disturbances in a Type 2 diabetic rat model.

Materials and Methods: High-fat diet streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats were treated orally with 400 and 800 mg/kg body weight TCLE daily for 28 days. Full blood count, coagulation parameters, plasma calcium (Ca), and erythrocyte glycogen (GLYC) levels were assessed using standard procedures.

Results: Terminalia catappa leaf aqueous crude extract treatment had a significant (p < 0.05) prolonging effect on clotting and bleeding times while increasing Ca, GLYC and mean corpuscular volume in diabetic rats. On the other hand, lymphocytes (LYM), platelet (PLT) count, mean PLT volume, neutrophil-LYM ratio (NLR), and PLT-LYM ratio (PLR) of TCLE-treated diabetic animals were significantly reduced (p < 0.05) compared with untreated diabetic animals. Lymphocyte, PLT count, NLR, and PLR correlated positively (p < 0.05) with plasma glucose, while a significant positive association was observed between Ca and GLYC. On the other hand, a strong negative association (p < 0.05) was observed between clotting time and fasting plasma glucose.

Conclusion: These findings suggest that T. catappa leaf extract may be useful in reversing diabetic-mediated hematological anomalies due to its anticoagulant and anti-anemic activities.

Keywords: coagulation, diabetes, hematology, high-fat diet, streptozotocin-induced, Terminalia catappa.