Vet World   Vol.16   February-2023  Article-17

Potential protective effects of red grape seed extract in a rat model of malathion-induced neurotoxicity

Background and Aim: Exposure to pesticide mixtures used in agricultural practice poses a grave risk to non-target animals. This study aimed to determine whether red grape seed extract (RGSE, which is 95% bioflavonoids and equal to 12,000 mg of fresh red grape seed, and 150 mg of vitamin C) alleviated the changes in brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) level, acetylcholinesterase activity, oxidative stress, and apoptosis induced by orally administered malathion in a rat model of malathion-induced neurotoxicity.

Materials and Methods: Thirty-two adult male Wistar albino rats were divided into four groups and exposed to malathion with or without 4 weeks of RGSE treatment, treated with RGSE alone, or left untreated as controls. The animals were euthanized 24 h after last treatment. Brain samples were collected to measure acetylcholinesterase, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and caspase 3 activity, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and BDNF levels.

Results: Malathion significantly reduced acetylcholinesterase and SOD activity and TAC and significantly increased caspase 3 activity. In comparison, acetylcholinesterase and SOC activity, BDNF level, and TAC were improved and caspase 3 activity was decreased in the malathion-RGSE group, indicating that RGSE corrected the alterations detected in these biochemical parameters.

Conclusion: Oxidative stress and apoptosis in the brains of rats exposed to oral malathion were substantially controlled by RGSE treatment. Keywords: apoptosis, malathion toxicity, oxidative stress, pesticide, red grape seed extract.

Keywords: apoptosis, malathion toxicity, oxidative stress, pesticide, red grape seed extract.

How to cite this article: Saadh MJ (2023) Potential protective effects of red grape seed extract in a rat model of malathion-induced neurotoxicity, Veterinary World, 16(2): 380–385.

Received: 10-11-2022  Accepted: 18-01-2023     Published online: 26-02-2023

Corresponding author: Mohamed Jamal Saadh   E-mail: msaadeh@meu.edu.jo

DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2023.380-385

Copyright: Saadh, et al. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http:// creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.