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Original Research
1.
Isolation, serological and real time PCR diagnosis
of Peste Des Petites Ruminants virus in naturally
exposed Arabian gazelle in Saudi Arabia -
S. S. Sharawi, M. R. Yousef, A. N. AlHofufy and M.
H. AlBlowi
Vet World. 2010; 3(11): 489-494
Oculo-nasal swab and serum samples collected from
peste des petits ruminants (PPR)-suspected Arabian
Gazelle (Gazella gazella) were tested . For the
presence of peste des petite ruminants virus (PPRV)
[pest of small ruminants virus] or it’s RNA;
Immune-capture enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (Ic-ELIZA),
real time reverse transcription-PCR (rRT-PCR) assay
using SYBR Green 1 chemistry as well as virus
isolation (VI) were done. The serum was examined for
the presence of the PPRV anti-bodies by competitive
enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (C-ELIZA). The
swab samples and harvested inoculated cells were
positive by Immune-capture ELIZA and rRT-PCR. While
the tested serum was negative for PPRV anti-bodies.
The study indicated the scenario of probably virus
circulation in these game animal population and
prevalence in actual outbreaks situation, which may
be kept in mind while deciding the vaccination
strategy for the control of disease. For the authors
this is the first report of PPRV isolation and
detection among Arabian Gazelle in Saudi Arabia.
Keywords: Arabian Gazelle, enzyme linked
immunosorbent assay, Peste des petite ruminants
virus, Real time, Sybr Green.
» Abstract
& References »
PDF Fulltext» doi: 10.5455/vetworld.2010.489-494
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Original Research
2.
Detection of E. coli and Staphylococcus in
milk and milk products in and around Pantnagar -
Rajeev Kumar and Amit Prasad
Vet World. 2010; 3(11): 495-496
The study was designed with the aim to isolate
Staphylococcus and E.coli from milk (dairy farm,
vendors and house) and milk products (viz; Dahi, Ice
cream, Gulabjamun, Burfi, Khoa and Butter). All
samples were inoculated on different bacteriological
media and various biochemical tests were performed
for the confirmation of isolates. The result of the
present study revealed that out of 135 samples, 25
samples were found contaminated with Staphylococcus
(14) and E.coli (11). The highest rate of
contamination was recorded in Burfi (5) while the
lowest was recorded in Ice cream (1). These
enteropathogenic bacteria may cause problems due to
improper handling and processing of milk and milk
products. These organisms are significant from
public health point of view as they have been
associated with the onset of food poisoning in human
beings.
Keywords: Staphylococcus, E.coli, Food
poisoning, Milk Products, Public Health, Entero-pathogenic
bacteria.
» Abstract
& References »
PDF Fulltext» doi: 10.5455/vetworld.2010.495-496
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Original Research
3.
Cytological evaluation of bone marrow in normal
laying hens and those with lymphoid leukosis
-
H. I. AlSadi and E. Y. Hussein
Vet World. 2010; 3(11): 497-499
The purpose of this study was to evaluate
cytologically the bone marrow (and peripheral blood)
of adult laying hens affected with lymphoid leukosis.
Diagnosis of the neoplasm was made on the basis of
clinical history, signs and symptoms and pathology.
Only histologically confirmed cases were included in
the study. Examination of blood smears revealed +2
heterophil toxicity and the presence of large
numbers of reactive (blast – transformed)
lymphocytes. Smears that were prepared from the bone
marrow showed increased numbers of hemopoietic
cells. The total erythrocyte count (TEC), hemoglobin
percentage (Hb%) , hemoglobin concentration (Hb
conc.), packed cell volume (PCV) and the mean
corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) values
were significantly higher (P<0.01) in hens with
lymphoid leukosis than in apparently normal hens.
The mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and the mean
corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) were significantly
lower (P< 0.01) in hens with lymphoid leukosis than
in apparently normal hens. Results of the leukogram
indicated that the total leukocyte count (TLC) and
the percentage (%) of lymphocytes were significantly
higher (P < 0.01) in hens with lymphoid leukosis
than in apparently normal hens. From results of this
study it was concluded that cytological evaluation
of bone marrow may prove to be a simple, rapid , and
useful tool in the diagnosis of lymphoid leukosis in
laying hens.
Keywords : Laying Hens , Bone Marrow ,
Cytology, Tumor, Blood smear, Lymphoid leukosis.
» Abstract »
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Original Research
4.
Prevalence of coccidia in Mathura region of
Uttarpradesh -
Hari Om, Sanjiv Kumar and Pawanjit Singh
Vet World. 2010; 3(11): 503-505
The present was done in sheep in Mathura region to
identify the parasitic infections which was proving
to be very harmful to them. For this purpose faecal
samples were collected and examined. Maximum cases
were found to be positive for coccidia. Prevalence
of coccidian was further categorized in the basis of
age of sheep and months of year. Samples were
incubated for their sporulation and the five Eimeria
species was identified on their morphology. It was
found that maximum infection is in age group of
below six months and in month of October. The
individual species prevalence was more for Eimeria
ovina and that the favorable temperature for all the
five species of Eimeria ranged between 30°C and
37°C.
Key words: Faecal samples, Coccidia,
Morphology, Sporulation, Parasite.
» Abstract »
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Original Research
5.
Identification of gelatinases involved in the rous
sarcoma virus-induced tumors in chicks as prognostic
markers -
A. M. Kotresh and Meena Kataria
Vet World. 2010; 3(11): 500-502
The present work is undertaken to study the
expression of levels of gelatinases in tumorogenesis
by Rous sarcoma virus(RSV) in layer chicks and
explored the possibility of using gelatinases as
potential biological markers in metastatic neoplasms.
Two days old chicks (40) were divided into two
groups (Gp I and Gp II). Gp-I (20) treated with Rous
sarcoma virus for tumor induction. The Gp II
(control) was inoculated with RPMI-1640. Tumors
appeared earliest by three days post infection with
RSV and were progressive leading to mortality of
birds by twenty eight days. Distant tumors were
observed in liver, heart, lung, and kidney on post
mortem. A prominent band of gelatinase of around 75
kDa was detected in plasma of infected chicks by
gelatin zymography. Results indicate over expression
of gelatinases and are leaked into plasma on Rous
sarcoma virus infection. Expression of gelatinases
in primary tumors, metastasized liver, heart, lung
and kidney and corresponding tissues in healthy
control chicks was determined by RT-PCR analysis.
Over expression of gelatinase gene was observed in
metastaic tissues and primary tumors than control.
The described assays could be used as a prognostic
assay method for detection of proteases in
metastatic neoplasms of animals.
Keywords: Tumor, Chick, Prognostic Marker,
Gelatinases, Virus
» Abstract »
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Original Research
6.
Comparison of standard tube agglutination test and
indirect haemagglutination test in the detection of
listerial antibodies in animals -
Pushpa H. Rathod , N. M. Shah, A. I. Dadawala, H. C.
Chauhan, Sandip S. Patel, Khushboo Singh, P.
Ranaware and B. S. Chandel
Vet World. 2010; 3(11): 506-508
Efficacy of standard tube agglutination test (STAT)
& indirect haemagglutination test (IHA) was compared
for detecting listerial antibodies in cattle and
buffaloes. Out of 530 serum samples (263 cattle and
267 buffaloes) 165 serum samples (31.13 %) gave
positive reaction by STAT while 151 serum samples
(28.49 %) gave positive reaction by IHA. It was
observed that both the tests are equally efficient
in detecting listerial antibodies.
Keywords: Standard tube agglutination test,
Indirect Haemagglutination test, Antibodies,
Listeria, Laboratory Technique, Detection.
» Abstract »
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Original Research
7.
Effect of slaughter weight on slaughter performance
of a native swine breed “Ghungroo” of Duars’ valley
and allied zone -
Anupam Khan, Dipanwita Patra, Gopal Patra and
Subhasish Biswas
Vet World. 2010; 3(11): 509-511
Ghungroo (GR) is a native pig breed which is mainly
reared by the tribes of Duars’ Valley and allied
zone. To assess the breed’s performance more
comprehensively, a research work had been planned to
evaluate the effect of slaughter weight on slaughter
performance by dividing 18 GR pigs in three groups
(viz. 40-50 Kg, 50-60 Kg and 60-70 Kg) having six
animals in each group. Hot Carcass Weight, Dressing
Percentage, Chilled Carcass Weight, Loin Eye Area,
Back Fat Thickness, Carcass Length, shoulder weight,
ham weight and loin weight increased significantly(P<0.01)
while shoulder percentage, ham percentage, loin
percentage and head percentage decreased
significantly (P<0.01) with the increase in
slaughter weight.
Key words: Ghungroo Pig, Slaughter
Performance, Slaughter Weight.
» Abstract »
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Case Report
8.
Fifth legged pygomelia in a cross bred cow calf -
J. N. Mistry, P. B. Patel, D. N. Suthar and J. B.
Patel
Vet World. 2010; 3(11): 512-512
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Case Report
9.
Tension band wiring for avulsion fracture of
olecranon in a dog -
K. M. Srinivasamurthy, Md.Arif Basha, V. Mahesh, D.
R. Manjunatha and Ranganath
Vet World. 2010; 3(11): 513-514
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Review Article
10.
Use of medicinal plants to control Haemonchus
contortus infection in small ruminants -
Qadir Sawleha, A. K. Dixit and Pooja Dixit
Vet World. 2010; 3(11): 515-518
Haemonchus contortus is singly the most important of
all the gastrointestinal nematodes that constrain
the survival and productivity of sheep and goats
owned by rural poor farmers in the developing world.
This haematophagus parasite is infamous throughout
the humid tropics/subtropics, being responsible for
acute disease outbreaks with high levels of
mortalities, particularly in young animals. Costs
associated with control of this parasite in India,
have been estimated to be US$ 103 million. H.
contortus is also prominent amongst the reports of
anthelmintic resistance that has emerged in all
countries of the world that produce small ruminants.
This emergence of multiple anthelmintic resistances
has provided a spur for research on alternative
forms of control. Recent surveys in developing
countries have identified many plants that are
intended and have the potential to be used as
anthelmintics. This paper reviews the use of some
medicinal plants as anthelmintics against H.
contortus infection in small ruminants.
Keywords : Control, Gastro-intestinal
parasitism, Haemonchus contortus, Medicinal plants,
Small ruminants, Herbal antiparasitic,
Ethnoveterinary
» Abstract
& References »
PDF Fulltext» doi: 10.5455/vetworld.2010.515-518
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Review Article
11.
Effect of climatic changes on the prevalence of
zoonotic diseases -
Neelam Sachan and V. P. Singh
Vet World. 2010; 3(11): 519-522
Combustion of fossil fuels and human activities has
led to sharp increase in greenhouse gases in the
atmosphere. These climate changes have tremendous
effect on prevalence of zoonotic diseases. The
changes in climate may increase the insect vectors,
prolong transmission cycles or increase the
importation of vectors or animal reservoirs. It may
also have an adverse effect on biodiversity,
distribution of animals and microflora which may
lead to emergence of zoonotic disease outbreaks. A
historical perspective on major vector-borne
diseases such as arboviral encephalitides, dengue
fever and Rift Valley fever, Lyme disease, West Nile
virus, malaria, plague, hantavirus pulmonary
syndrome and dengue fever have been shown to have a
distinct seasonal pattern and in some instances
their frequency has been shown to be weather
sensitive. Because of the sensitivities of the
vectors and animal hosts of these diseases to
climactic factors, climate change-driven ecological
changes such as variations in rainfall and
temperature could significantly alter the range,
seasonality and human incidence of many zoonotic and
vector-borne diseases. The evolution of emerging
zoonotic diseases globally during the period 1996 to
2007 was Ebola haemorrhagic fever, Rift Valley
fever, avian influenza H5N1, plague and Nipah virus.
Whereas, bird flu and swine flu like diseases are
still creating havoc for human and animal health
worldwide. It is a today’s and tomorrow’s demand
that interdisciplinary communication between health
professionals, veterinarians, environmental
scientists, ecologists, geographers and economists
seeking to understand climate change will be key to
protecting people in India and worldwide against
these threats. Rigorous cross-disciplinary studies
using a variety of methodological tools will enable
us to predict the transmission dynamics of diseases
under different climate scenarios and estimate the
cost-effectiveness of mitigation strategies. In this
text some of important diseases which are dependant
on global warming and climate changes have been
discussed taken for and can change their prevalence
rate is considered for discussion.
Key words: Global warming, zoonotic diseases,
avian influenza, swine flue, Japanese encephalitis,
nipah virus, rabies, leptospirosis
» Abstract
& References »
PDF Fulltext» doi: 10.5455/vetworld.2010.519-522
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Review Article
12.
Deficiency of uridine monophosphate synthase : A
recessive disorder in holstein friesian cattle
-
Vijay Kumar, Ramesh Kumar Singh and Ashwani Sharma
Vet World. 2010; 3(11): 523-525
The present review is to summarise findings on one
of the most important recessive hereditary disorder
deficiency of uridine monophosphate synthase (DUMPS)
in cattle. It is a disease of Holstein cattle
characterized by lowered blood activity of enzyme
uridine monophosphate synthase (UMPS). DUMPS leads
to embryonic death in early stage of pregnancy. So
some serious reproductive problems take place in
dairy herds. Several investigations were carried out
in different countries. No carrier animals were
found among Holstein populations in Poland, Iran,
India and Turkey, but the mutant allele was detected
in the studies carried out in U.S.A. and Argentina.
DUMPS of Holstein cattle is a component of the
hypothesized multi-component complex. It is
transmitted as an autosomal recessive trait. A
carrier-normal mating results in one-half carriers,
regardless of sex. Embryo homozygous for DUMPS die
early in gestation and do not survive to the birth.
The embryos often are resorbed during the first
two-month of gestation, leading to more services per
calving and longer than normal calving intervals (Shanke
and Robinson, 1989). The only way to avoid economic
losses is an early detection of DUMPS carriers. The
use of PCR based molecular technologies promises
quick detection of carriers enables their culling
therefore, controlling and preventing the spread of
DUMPS in the population.
Keywords: Autosomal recessive disorder,
DUMPS, Holstein Friesian, Pyrimidine nucleotide,
Orotic acid
» Abstract »
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Review Article
13.
Fluorosis in cattle -
A. H. Ulemale, M. D.Kulkarni, G. B. Yadav, S.
R.Samant, S. J.Komatwar and A. V. Khanvilkar
Vet World. 2010; 3(11): 526-527
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