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June
- 2010
Original Research
1.
Bovine cysticercosis in cattle slaughtered at Jimma municipal
abattoir, south western Ethiopia: prevalence, cyst viability and
its socio-economic importance -
Bekele Megersa, Eliyas Tesfaye, Alemayehu Regassa, Rahmeto Abebe,
Fufa Abunna
Vet World. 2010; 3(6): 257-262
A cross sectional study
was conducted during November 2008 to March 2009 to estimate the
prevalence of Cysticercosis in animals, Taeniasis in human and
estimate the worth of taeniasis treatment in Jimma town. Active
abattoir survey, questionnaire survey and inventory of
pharmaceutical shops were performed to accomplish the study. Of
the total of 500 inspected animals, 22 animals had varying
number of C. bovis giving an over all prevalence 4.4% (22/500).
Anatomical distribution of the cyst showed that highest
proportions of C. bovis cyst were observed in shoulder muscle,
followed by tongue, heart and masseter muscle. Of the total of
114 C.bovis collected during the inspection, 49(42.9%) were
found to be a live while others (57.0%) were degenerative cyst.
Of the total 60 interviewed respondents, 56.7% (34/60) had
contracted T.saginata infection, of which, 95% and (5%) cases
reported using modern drugs and traditional drugs, respectively.
The majority of the respondent had an experience of row meat
consumption as a result of traditional and cultural practice.
Human Taeniasis prevalence showed significant difference
(p<0.05) with age groups, meat consumption, sex and use of
spice. Accordingly adult individual (OR=47.4), frequent raw meat
consumers (OR=18.4), spice users (OR=7.0) and male (OR=5.0) had
higher odds acquiring Taeniasis than children, occasional meat
consumer, non spice users and females, respectively. In this
analysis there was no significance difference between religion,
education status, occupational risks and marital status
(p>0.05). An inventory of pharmaceutical shops (pharmacies, drug
stores and rural drug vendors) revealed a total of 103,596 adult
taeniacidal drug doses worthing a total of 222,706 Eth. Birr
(22,270.6 USD) during two years of 2007 and 2008. Vermox and
Niclosamide were the most frequently sold drug for the treatment
of taeniasis, while Praziquantel was least sold drug. The
findings of this study including prevalence of C. bovis,
questionnaire survey of taeniasis prevalence and the
pharmaceutical shops inventory indicated the importance of
Cysticercosis and Taneniasis both in public health and
economical aspects. Therefore, due attention should be given to
the public awareness and strict routine meat inspection in order
to safe guard the public health.
Keywords:
Abattoir, C. bovis/Taeniasis, Cattle, Prevalence, Ethiopia
» Abstract
& References »
PDF Fulltext» doi: 10.5455/vetworld.2010.257-262
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Original Research
2.
Ovarian follicular fluid constituents in relation to stage of
estrus cycle and size of the follicle in buffalo -
M. R.
Abd Ellah, H. A. Hussein and D. R. Derar
Vet World. 2010; 3(6): 263-267
The goal of the present study was to evaluate the difference in
constituent of the ovarian follicular fluid in different stages
of the estrus cycle and in medium and large sized follicle and
also to evaluate the relation between serum and follicular fluid
constituents in cyclic buffalos. A total of 34 clinically
healthy buffalo (Bubals bubals), aged 7-10 years, were sent for
slaughter in Moesha Abattoir, Assiut province in winter 2009.
Blood samples and the whole genital tract of each animal were
collected. The stage of the cycle (proestrus n= 8, estrus n= 7,
metestrus n= 7 and diestrus n= 12) was determined post mortem.
Biochemical analysis of serum and follicular fluid was performed
through measuring total protein, albumin, chloride, potassium,
phosphorus, magnesium, glucose, cholesterol, triglyceride, urea,
creatinine levels and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity.
Results of the present study revealed that during the estrus
cycle, only follicular triglyceride, urea, creatinine and
phosphorus level showed significant changes. A positive
correlation was found between follicular albumin, phosphorus
levels and follicular diameter. Total protein, albumin,
globulins, glucose, chloride and creatinine were significantly
higher in the serum than that in the follicular fluid.
Follicular triglyceride level and potassium level were
significantly higher than serum level. Follicular LDH activity
was higher in large sized follicle than small sized one. Further
studies are required to elucidate the relation between
concentration of urea and creatinine in the follicular fluid and
oocyte viability.
Key words: estrus, buffalo, follicular fluid, serum.
» Abstract »
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Original Research
3.
Detection of total and
pathogenic Vibrio parahaemolyticus by Polymerase
chain reaction using toxR, tdh and trh genes
- Subhashini Nelapati and N. Krishnaiah
Vet
World 3(6):268-271
The levels of total and
pathogenic Vibrio parahaemolyticus were estimated in
105 samples (each 35 of fresh water fish, sea fish
and mutton) using cultural and polymerase chain
reaction (PCR) methods by amplification of toxR gene
for total V. parahaemolyticus, tdh and trh genes for
pathogenic V. parahaemolyticus. Out of 105 samples,
30 (28.6%), 39 (37.1%) samples gave positive results
for total V. parahaemolyticus by cultural and PCR
methods respectively. Out of 39 samples positive for
PCR 6 (5.7%), 28 (26.6%) and 3 (8.6%) were positive
for tdh, trh and both tdh and trh respectively.
Keywords: Vibrio parahaemolyticus, PCR,.
Gene, Laboratory Technique, Pathogenic Organism.
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Original Research
4.
Efficacy of various antiprotozoal drugs on bovine babesiosis,
anaplasmosis and thileriosis -
Nasreen Akhter, Chamon Lal, Javaid Ali Gadahi, Khuda Bux
Mirbahar, and Mohammad Ismail Memon
Vet World. 2010; 3(6): 272-274
The present study was conducted to check out the efficacy of
various antiprotozoal drugs on bovine babesiosis, anaplasmosis
and theleriosis. 38 buffaloes naturaly infected with anaplasma,
babesia and theileria were selected and divided into four
groups. Group A (10), B (10), C (08) and D (10) infected with
anaplasmosis, babesiosis, theileriosis, and Infected Control (anaplasmosis
(4), anaplasmosis + babesiosis (1 each), babesiosis (2) and
theileriosis (2) respectively. Group A was further subdivided
into A-I (5 animals with pure Anaplasmosis) and A-II (5 animals
with mixed infection of Anaplasmosis and Babesiosis). Group-A
was treated with a single dose of imidocarb dipropionate (3 mg /
kg body weight). In Group A-I one animal recovered completely,
02 moderately while remaining 02 animals did not respond. The
later 02 animals recovered completely after additional 02 doses
of 4 mg/kg body weight. In case of group A-II complete recovery
was recorded in one animal, moderate recovery in three animals
while one animal showed no responsel. Group B was treated with
Diminazene acceturate (3. 5 mg / kg body weight) administered as
a single dose. 6 animals recovered completely, 02 moderately
while 02 animals showed no response. Group C was treated with a
single dose of Buparvaqune (2.5 mg / kg body weight), complete
recovery was recorded in 4 animals, 2 animals showed no
response, while 2 animals with severe infection died after 24
hrs. .
Keywords: Babesiosis, anaplasmosis, theileriosis, drug
efficacy, buffalo
» Abstract »
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Original Research
5.
Induced aflatoxin and carbon tetrachloride toxicity on gravid
uterus of rabbits – A patho-morphological study -
Panchakshari Sankh, K. J. Ananda and B. H. Manjunatha Prabhu
Vet World. 2010; 3(6): 275-276
Uterus of the pregnant
rabbits, treated with aflatoxin showed resorption of foetuses.
Histologically, extensive haemorrhages in the endometrial and
parametrial areas and presence of extensive fibrosis of mucosa
and musclaris were observed. In combined treatment with
aflatoxin and carbon tetrachloride resorption of foetuses was
noticed. Hyperplastic or metaplastic changes of lining
epithelium of the endometrial mucosa was observed. The lining
epithelium usually was that of cuboidal type. Multiple
haemorrhages in the submucosa were observed. In pure carbon
tetra chloride treatment, there was no resorption of foetuses,
but extensive fibroblastic proliferation in uterine muscularis
and as wall as periglandular and interstitial proliferation of
fibroblasts in the endometrium were seen.
Key words:
Pregnant rabbits, Aflatoxin, Carbon tetrachloride, Uterus
» Abstract »
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Original Research
6.
Effect of temperature and storage time on hepatobiliary enzyme
activities in goat serum -
P. D. Divya and K.K. Jayavardhanan
Vet World. 2010; 3(6): 277-279
The present study was
designed and conducted to choose an ideal storage condition for
goat sera samples meant for the assay of hepatobiliary enzymes
such as, alanine aminotransferases(ALT), aspartate
aminotransferases (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and gamma
glutamyltran-sferases (GGT) by storing at room temperature, 4 ºC
and -20 ºC up to 14 days. Gamma glutamyltransferase was found to
be the most stable enzyme in all the three storage conditions
through out the study period. Alanine aminotransferase was
stable only up to 8 days at 4 ºC whereas marked stability was
noticed at -20 ºC and room temperature as long as 14 days.
Aspartate aminotransferase was more stable at -20 ºC up to14
days and 11 days at 4 ºC whereas at room temperature only 2
days. Alkaline phosphatase showed great variation upon storage
as compared to other hepatobiliary enzymes and it is suggested
that its estimation should be performed in fresh serum samples
to get a more accurate result. From these results it is
therefore advisable to consider stability of each serum
hepatobiliary enzymes for different animals separately before
preserving sera samples to get more valid and reliable result.
Key words: storage
stability, crossbred goats, hepatobiliary enzymes
» Abstract »
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Original Research
7.
Effect of dietary supplementation of shatavari (Asparagus
racemosus wild) on heamatobiochemical parameters of broilers -
D. H.
Rekhate, Smita Ukey, Leena N. Mangle and B. S. Deshmukh
Vet World. 2010; 3(6): 280-281
Eighty, day old straight
run commercial broilers chicks were randomly distributed into
four groups (T1, T2, T3 and T4) of two replications having ten
chicks in each, reared on deep litter system upto 8 weeks of
age. The chicks in all the treatment groups were fed basal diet
T1 control and T2, T3 and T4 groups were fed basal diet + 0.5,
1.00 and 1.5 per cent Shatavari root powder (SRP) respectively.
Significant (P<0.01) improvement in live body weight of broilers
was observed between the treatments. Better FCE was observed
with the increase in SRP. The digestibility of protein found
significantly (P< 0.01) better with higher inclusion level of
SRP. Hb, total serum protein, albumin and globulin revealed
significant (P< 0.01) variation between the treatments. It was
concluded that supplementation of Shatavari root powder at 0.5,
1.00 and 1.5 per cent level improves growth performance and
general health status of broilers however, 1.0 per cent level
could be more economical.
Key words:
broilers, Shatavari, haematobiochemical.
» Abstract »
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Original Research
8.
Epidemiology of canine mammary gland tumours in Gujarat -
M.A. Dhami, P.H. Tank, A.S. Karle, H.S.Vedpathak and A.S.Bhatia
Vet World. 2010; 3(6): 282-285
Last three years’
(2006-2009) retrospective information was retrieved by
scrutinizing the data bank of the College Hospital. During this
period 8337 canine cases were registered. Amongst them 2070
cases were referred to Department of Surgery for further
surgical treatment. Out of 2070 canine cases, 158 cases (7.63 %)
had various neoplastic condition and amongst them 63 cases
(39.87 %) were of mammary gland tumours. The overall incidence
of canine mammary gland tumours was 0.75 per cent of the total
canine cases. The highest occurrence of canine mammary tumour
cases was found in the dogs aged 8 to 12 years (49.21 %)
followed by those aged 4 to 8 years (33.33 %). It was least
(4.76 %) in youger dogs less than 4 years and intermediate
(12.70 %) in older dogs above 12 years of age. Breed-wise higher
occurrence was found in German Shepherd and Pomeranian as
compared to other breeds.
Key words: Canine,
Mammary tumour, Epidemiology, Age and Breed effect.
» Abstract »
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Original Research
9.
Influence of ovarian side and initiation time of first
aspiration with relation of transvaginal follicular aspiration
in HF x Sahiwal cows -
V. S.
Suthar, R. G. Shah, S. P. Singh, R. Kasiraj and A. J. Dhami
Vet World. 2010; 3(6): 286-288
This study was carried
out to observe the influence of ovarian side and initiation time
of first aspiration during OPU programme in HF X Sahiwal cows.
Eight cows were randomly divided in to two groups (A and B) each
consisting of 4 donors. Follicular aspiration was initiated on
day 4 (first follicular wave) and day 13 (second follicular
wave) of estrous cycle, respectively. From group-A donors, total
200 follicles were aspirated in eight sessions with a mean of
6.25 ± 2.05 per animal per session of which 52.50 (105/200) and
47.50 (95/200) per cent follicles were from left and right
ovary, respectively. The mean numbers of small, medium and large
follicles aspirated were 2.06 ± 0.87, 2.65 ± 0.88 and 1.53 ±
0.91 with the recovery rate of 33.0 (66/200) (3–5 mm), 42.50
(85/200) (6–9 mm) and 24.50 (49/200) (=10 mm) per cent,
respectively. From group-B donors, total 179 follicles were
aspirated of which 48.60 (87/179) and 51.40 (92/179) per cent
follicles were from left and right ovary, respectively. The mean
number of aspirated follicles per cow per session from group-B
donor cows was 5.59 ± 1.03 and the mean numbers of small, medium
and large follicles aspirated 1.87 ± 0.96, 2.5 ± 0.66 and 1.25 ±
0.64 with the recovery rate of 34.07 (61/179), 44.94 (80/179)
and 21.22 (38/179) per cent, respectively. The number of
follicles from left and right ovaries of different categories
among group A and B donor cows did not differ significantly
(P>0.05). This study showed that there cows no any influence of
ovarian side and initiation time on follicular aspiration.
Keywords: Ovary,
Transvaginal Follicular Aspiration, Follicle, Reproductive
organ.
» Abstract »
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Original Research
10.
Effect of sunflower cake inclusion on certain blood biochemicals
of Japanese quails -
D. H.
Rekhate, V.M. Patil, Leena N. Mangle and B. S. Deshmukh
Vet World. 2010; 3(6): 289-290
A week old 120, Japanese
quail chicks were equally and randomly distributed into four
different treatment groups (T0, T1, T2 and T3), of three
replicates having 10 chicks in each. All the chicks were reared
on saw dust litter upto six weeks of age. The chicks in control
group-T0 were fed corn-soya based diet with multi- enzyme and
group T1, T2 and T3 were fed on diets containing 10, 20 and 30
per cent replaced soybean cake by sunflower cake with
multi-enzyme supplementation, respectively. The significant (P<
0.01) differences were noticed between the treatments for weekly
live body weights upto sixth week. The blood-biochemicals viz.,
serum glucose, serum total protein and serum cholesterol level
did not varied significantly. It was concluded that inclusion of
sunflower cake do not have any adverse effect on
blood-biochemical parameters however supplementation of
multi-enzyme improves numerically the growth performance of
Japanese quails.
Key Words: Japanese
quails, Sunflower cake, Multi-enzyme, Blood-Biochemical profile.
» Abstract »
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Original Research
11.
Effect of different management system on haemato-biochemical
profile in quail -
Vijay Kumar, R.K. Verma, Satish Kumar, S.K. Singh and Ramesh
Kumar Singh
Vet World. 2010; 3(6): 291-292
A very little information
is available in literature on management of Japanese quail (Couturnix
Couturnix Japonica) in different housing system (cage system and
deep litter system) of management. The average weekly body
weight gain was significantly higher in deep litter system
(34±0.43gm) than cage (12.71±0.41gm) system at the 3rd week of
age. The average daily feed consumption by individual quails was
higher in cage (12.71±2.10) than deep litter system (11.84±1.47)
during 0-6 weeks of age. The haematobiochemical profile viz Hb (gm%),TEC
(106/µl ),PCV(%),TLC(103/ µl)along with biochemical studies as
blood sugar (mg/dl), total serum protein (gm/dl),serum calcium
(mg/100ml) and serum phosphorus (mg/dl) were well within the
normal health of quail under both cage and deep litter system of
management.
Keywords:
Management System, Quail, Hemato-biochemical profile, Cage sytem,
Deep Litter system.
» Abstract »
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Original Research
12.
Treatment of post partum anestrous in Osmanabadi goats with
Janova -
A. D. Patil, D.S. Raghuwanshi, K. Ravikanth and Shivi Maini
Vet World. 2010; 3(6): 293-294
The present study was
conducted in a flock of Osmanabadi Goats reported with the
history of post-partum anestrous. The experimental goats were
selected from Goat farm unit, College of Veterinary & Animal
Sciences Udgir, Maharashtra, India. A total of 20 Osmanabadi
Goats were divided into two equal groups (I & II), (n=10).
Group-I served as untreated control group. Group II were
administered orally with caplet Janova@2 cap/day/goat for three
days. The efficacy of treatment in group II was 80 percent (%)
induction of oestrus within 96.37 ? 1.40 hrs and 62.50 %
conceived with 1.8 services per conception whereas in control
group I 30% oestrus was observed within 185.5 ? 10.89 hrs and
33.33 % conceived with 3.00 services per conception. It may be
concluded that administration of polyherbal formulation Janova
has lead to induction of fertile post partum oestrus and higher
conception rate in Osmanabadi goats.
Key words: herbal,
heat inducer, anestrous, Osmanabadi goat
» Abstract »
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Case Report
13.
Ethno-veterinary drug therapy for ear mange in sheep -
S. D. Hagawane, G.R.Rajurkar and S.B.Shinde
Vet World. 2010; 3(6): 295-296
Sheep from two flocks
showed scab lesions around nostrils, eyes and on the face with
facial alopecia and thickening of the skin. The case was
confirmed as ear mite (Psorcopt ovis) by microscopic examination
of skin scrapings. Percent incidence in flock I and Flock II
recorded was 12.5, 11.4 respectively. Affected sheep were
divided into two groups each containing nine animals. Group I
was treated with preparation containing 50ml Azadirachta indica
oil, 50ml Pogamia pinnata oil, 25gm Camphor, 50gm Sulphur powder
and 500ml coconut oil applied on an affected skin twice a day
for 15 days and Group II treated with preparation having 50gm of
Curcuma longa rhizome and 25gm of Azadirachta indica oil applied
once a day for 15 days. The first preparation was found highly
effective against ear mange in sheep. It was found to be very
convenient for use in field conditions, did not cause any
adverse reaction locally as well as systemically.
Keywords:
Ethnoveterinary, Ear mange, Sheep, Drug, Therapy.
» Abstract »
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Review Article
14.
Gallinacin and fowlicidin: two promising antimicrobial peptides
in chickens—A review -
C. S.
Mukhopadhyay, Ravi Kumar and G. S. Brah
Vet World. 2010; 3(6): 297-300
Antimicrobial peptides
(AMP) which have been identified in almost all groups of
organisms, are the small cationic molecules that recognize the
pathogen associated molecular patterns of the microbes. In
chicken two main AMPs that play significant roles in bolstering
the innate immunity are gallinacins and fowlicidins, which are
the functional analogues of the mammalian beta-defensins and
cathelicidins. Gallinacin identifies the Gram negative bacteria
while fowlicidin exerts broad spectral activity. The basic
mechanism of action is by far similar in both groups of AMPs.
The ‘docking sites’ of these antimicrobial peptides includes the
“lipid A” moiety of lipo polysaccharides, lipo-teichoic acids,
anionic membrane phospholipids on bacterial surfaces. These AMPs
block the DNA replication and protein synthesis in bacteria
causing death of the microbe. Researchers have identified
reproducible molecular markers of those peptides for selection
of disease resistant stock of chickens.
Key words:
Gallinacin, Fowlicidin, Antimicrobial peptides, Chicken, Innate
immunity.
» Abstract »
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