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August
- 2010
Original Research
1.
Occurrence of Listeria species in meat, chicken products and
human stools in Assiut city, Egypt with PCR use for rapid
identification of Listeria monocytogenes -
Ashraf Mohamed AbdEl-Malek, Sohaila Fathi Hassan Ali, Raafat
Hassanein Moemen, Abdelazeem Mohamed, Khalid Ibrahim Elsayh
Vet World. 2010; 3(8): 353-359
The present research was
conducted to check the presence of Listeria spp. in some meat
and chicken products purchased from retail supermarkets in
Assiut (Egypt). A total of 100 samples including 25 samples each
of minced frozen beef, luncheon, frozen chicken legs and frozen
chicken breast fillets were collected over a 7-month period
between January and July 2009 and analyzed for the presence of
Listeria spp. In addition, 28 stool cultures examined for
Listeria spp. from hospitalized children resident in Assiut
Pediatric University Hospital with diarrhea or fever. Out of the
total 100 meat samples examined, Listeria spp. were detected in
8 (32%) of minced frozen beef, 8 (32%) of luncheon, 13 (52%) of
frozen chicken leg and 14 (56%) of frozen chicken fillet samples
analyzed, respectively. Regarding the examined 28 stool cultures
from hospitalized children with underlying disease in Assiut
Univ. hospital, 2 (7.14%) were found positive for Listeria spp.
For identification of L. monocytogenes using polymerase chain
reaction (PCR), two primers were selected to detect 217-pb
fragment ofthe prfA (transcriptional activator of the virulence
factor) gene for L. monocytogenes. 13 selected Listeria isolates
displayed beta-haemolysis on sheep blood agar and positive CAMP
test were further identified using PCR. PCR results showed that
L. monocytogenes were confirmed in one of minced imported frozen
meat examined, two of luncheon samples and two of frozen chicken
legs with the total incidence of 5 isolates (5%) from the total
100 examined food samples. This suggests the presence of a
significant public health hazard linked to the consumption of
these meat and chicken products sold in Assiut city contaminated
with L. monocytogenes. The public health significance of these
pathogens as well as recommended sanitary measures was
discussed.
Keywords:
Listeria spp., Minced beef, Luncheon, Chicken meat, Human stool,
PCR, Laboratory Technique.
» Abstract
& References »
PDF Fulltext» doi: 10.5455/vetworld.2010.353-359
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Original Research
2.
Survey of Toxoplasma gondii DNA in aborted Ovine and caprine
fetuses by nested PCR in Borno state, Nigeria -
J. Kamani., G.O.Egwu., A.U.Mani and Y.Bitros
Vet World. 2010; 3(8): 360-363
A study was designed to
detect T.gondii DNA from tissues of aborted caprine and ovine
fetuses by single tube nested PCR. A total of 327 tissues from
45 and 31 caprine and ovine aborted fetuses respectively were
analyzed. Tissues analyzed were, 76 brains, 76 lungs, 70 livers,
65 hearts and 40 placentas. Approximately five grams of each
tissue was finely chopped with a sterile scalpel blade and
re-suspended in sterile distilled water. DNA extraction was
conducted according to standard protocol. Two successive
amplifications were performed in a single tube using 18S-5.8S
rRNA ITS1 targeted primers in order to increase the sensitivity
and specificity of the reaction and to minimize the chance of
contamination. All samples analyzed were negative for T.gondii
DNA. We conclude that the organism may not play important role
in ovine and caprine abortions in the study area. Our next plan
is to analyze tissues from the feline definitive host and
rodents in the area in order to detect and sequence T.gondii DNA
to enable us compare it to known clades.
Key words:
Toxoplasma gondii, Abortion, Ovine, Caprine, nPCR, Nigeria.
» Abstract »
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Original Research
3.
Assessment of Escherichia coli isolates for in vitro biofilm
production -
A. I. Dadawala, H. C. Chauhan,
B. S. Chandel, P. Ranaware, Sandip S Patel, Khushboo Singh, P.
H. Rathod, N. M. Shah and H. N. Kher
Vet World. 2010; 3(8): 364-366
A total of 14 Escherichia
coli isolates were assessed for their ability to produce biofilm
in-vitro by slime production on Congo red agar medium (CRA) and
microtitre plate assay. Out of 14 isolates tested, 12 were slime
producing on CRA as indicated by black colonies. The isolates of
E.coli varied in their ability to produce biofilm on the surface
of microtitre plate ranging from 0.101 to 0.543 ODm. Out of 14
isolates tested, 10 were positive for biofilm production
employing criterion of blank corrected ODs9s > 0.1. Two of slime
negative isolated were also negative for biofilm production
where as the two slime positive isolates were found to be
negative for biofilm production.
Keywords: Biofilm,
E.coli, Slime production, Microtitre plate assay, In vitro.
» Abstract »
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Original Research
4.
Qualitative phytochemical screening of Hygrophila spinosa plant
extract -
S. Mandal, G. K. Dutta and S.Nath
Vet World. 2010; 3(8): 367-368
The present study was
undertaken to find out the phytochemicals present in Hygrophila
spinosa plant extract. Fresh leaves and aerial parts of
botanically identified plant was collected and were processed
for preparation of plant extract using specified technique. The
plant extract was then subjected for different qualitative
chemical tests to investigate the chemical profile of H. spinosa
extracts. Analysis showed the presence of alkaloids,
carbohydrates, phenolic compounds and tannins in the extact as
confirmed by implying different qualitative tests specified for
these phytochemicals.
Keywords:
Hygrophila spinosa, plan textract, phytochemicals
» Abstract »
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Original Research
5.
Effect of dietary supplementation of Pulvis Curcuma Longa on the
voluntary feed intake, nutrient digestibility and growth
performance of broiler rabbits under summer stress -
M.
Basavaraj, V. Nagabhushana, N. Prakash, S. Mallikarjunappa,
M. M. Appannavar and Prashanth Wagmare
Vet World. 2010; 3(8): 369-372
Eighteen four weeks’ old
weaned Broiler rabbits of comparable body weights were allotted
to three dietary treatment groups of six rabbits in each group
namely T0 (basal control diet, T1 (basal diet added with
Turmeric (Curcuma longa) Rhizoid Powder, TRP, at the ratio of
150mg) and T2 ( basal diet added with TRP at the ratio of
300mg/100g diet). Feeding cum growth trial and digestion trial
were during summer months of April, May and June to study
voluntary feed intake, growth rate and nutrient utilization by
the experimental animals. TRP included in the diets of
experimental groups consisting 6.72 % CP, 5.04% ether extract,
3.96% crude fibre, 7.85% total ash. Depression in voluntary feed
intake due to summer stress did not alter due to the inclusion
of turmeric powder. The weekly mean body weight gain, feed
conversion efficiency and digestibility of nutrients did not
show significant difference by the supplementation of turmeric
rhizome powder in the diets of rabbit in present study.
Keywords: Summer
stress, Turmeric, Curcumin, Antioxidant, Rabbit, Nutrient,
Digestibility, Growth performance.
» Abstract »
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Original Research
6.
Role of polyherbal intrauterine infusion in treatment ofvarious
reproductive disorders in cattle -
K.
Khillare, H. S. Birade, S. Maini and K. Ravikanth
Vet World. 2010; 3(8): 373-374
Post partum uterine
function is often compromised in cattle by invasion of various
pathogenic bacteria leading to severe economic loss of farm. A
study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of polyherbal
intrauterine infusion AV/RMI/45 in treatment of endometritis,
metritis and repeat breeding in cattle. Among the two
experimental groups were one healthy control (I) (n=10) and
other treatment (II) group (n-20). Group II animals were
subjected to treatment with polyherbal uterine infusion AV/RMI/45@25ml
once a day for five days. Treated animals recovered successfully
exhibiting estrus with transparent discharge. Animals found in
estrus were inseminated and conception rate was recorded to be
significantly (P≤0.05) higher (70%) in treatment than control
group (40%). Polyherbal intrauterine infusion (AV/RMI/45) was
found to be efficacious in treating gynecological disorders of
endometritis repeat breeding, and metritis in cattle. The
product was found to be safe for animal's usage without causing
any irritation to intrauterine mucous membrane.
Key words: C
onception, Endometritis, Estrus, Intrauterine, Polyherbal,
Reproductive disorders.
» Abstract »
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Original Research
7.
Isolation, identification and molecular characterization of IBV
variant from out break of visceral gout in commercial broilers -
Amit Gaba, Hanish Dave, J.K.Pal and K.S.Prajapati
Vet World. 2010; 3(8): 375-377
Kidney tissue samples of
field outbreak of visceral gout in commercial broilers from
Anand District of Gujarat, India were processed for virus
isolation, identification and molecular characterization.
Isolates produced typical embryo lesions of curling and stunting
suggestive of infectious bronchitis after three passages. RT-PCR
and sequence analysis was carried out from infected allantoic
fluid. The nucleotide sequence was found to have 99% nucleotide
sequence identity with avian infectious bronchitis virus strain
4/91(pathogenic). Phylogenetic analysis using Clustal W program,
the virus was found to group with 793/B and 4/91 strain of
viruses.
Keywords:
Molecular, Virus, Commercial Broiler, Visceral Gout, Outbreak,
Mortality.
» Abstract »
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Case Report
8.
Treatment of compound fracture of tibia in dog using circular
external skeletal fixator (CEF) -
D. K. Dwivedi and Mahesh Kumar
Vet World. 2010; 3(8): 378-379
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Case Report
9.
Surgical management of Atresia Ani in a cow calf -
D. N. Suthar, S.R. Chaudhary, P.B. Patel, J.N. Mistry, J.B. Patel
and S.S.Nerurkar
Vet World. 2010; 3(8): 380-381
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Review Article
10.
Escherichia coli O157:H7 - An emerging pathogen in foods of
animal origin -
Ch. Bindu Kiranmayi , N. Krishnaiah and E. Naga Mallika
Vet World. 2010; 3(8): 382-389
Escherichia coli O157:H7
is an emerging public health concern in most countries of the
world. E. coli O157:H7 was known to be a human pathogen for
nearly 24 years. EHEC O157 infection is estimated to be the
fourth most costly food borne disease in Canada and USA, not
counting the cost of possible litigation. E. coli O157:H7 and
Salmonella are the leading causes of produce related outbreaks,
accounting for 20 and 30% respectively. The authority of the
Federal Meat Inspection Act, FSIS (Food Safety and Inspection
Service) declared Escherichia coli O157:H7, an adulterant in raw
ground beef and enforced “zero tolerance” (USDA-FSIS, 17
December 1998). Because of the severity of these illnesses and
the apparent low infective dose (less than 10 cells),
Escherichia coli O157:H7 is considered one of the most serious
of known food borne pathogens. Escherichia coli O157:H7 is
mainly pathogenic to human but in cattle and other animals, it
did not induce any clinical disease except diarrhea. So, these
animals act as carriers to Escherichia coli O157:H7. The
majority transmission is through eating of undercooked
contaminated ground meat and consumption of raw milk, raw
vegetables, fruits contaminated by water, cheese, curd and also
through consumption of sprouts, lettuce and juice. The
conventional isolation procedure includes growth in enrichment
broth like modified EC (E. coli) broth or modified tryptic soy
broth (mTSB) Since the infection primarily occurs via faeco-oral
route, the preventive measures include food hygiene measures
like proper cooking of meat, consumption of pasteurized milk,
washing fruits and vegetables especially those to be eaten raw
and drinking chlorine treated water and personnel hygiene
measures like washing hands after toilet visits.
Keywords: Food
borne pathogen, Enteritis, Meat, Animal products, Zoonosis,
Outbreak, Public Health.
» Abstract
& References »
PDF Fulltext» doi: 10.5455/vetworld.2010.382-389
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Review Article
11.
Heterohybridoma for the production of non murine monoclonal
antibodies -
Kh. Victoria Chanu and M. Ayub Ali
Vet World. 2010; 3(8): 390-392
Hybridoma technology
described by kohler and Milstein produce only mouse
immunoglobulins. Such immunoglobulins have limited use due to
its negative side effects such as the recipient’s immune
response. The production of a non murine monoclonal antibody to
combat the problems of murine monoclonal antibody is again
difficult due to the lack of a suitable myeloma cell line.
Heterohybridoma formed by the fusion of lymphocyte of one
species with the myeloma cell of a different species is the
solution, which can be used for the production of non murine
monoclonal antibodies.
Keywords:
heterohybridoma, non-murine, lymphocytes, myeloma cell,
monoclonal antibodies
» Abstract »
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