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Original Research
10.
Comparison of bupivacaine, xylazine and
buprenorphine with ketamine combination for spinal
analgesia in buffalo calves -
Rekha Pathak, K. Pratap, Amarpal, P Kinjavdekar, H.P.
Aithal, Pankaj
Vet World. 2012; 5(12): 754-761
doi:
10.5455/vetworld.2012.754-761
Abstract
Aim:
The study was undertaken to compare the clinical
efficacy of lumbosacral spinal analgesia produced
using bupivacaine, xylazine and buprenorphine with
ketamine combination in buffalo calves.
Materials
and Methods: 36 male buffalo calves of seven to
eight months of age and weighing 60 to 75 kg were
used to evaluate the efficacy and safety of
lumbosacral spinal analgesia produced by bupivacaine
0.25mg/kg, xylazine 0.05 mg/kg and buprenorphine 20
µg/kg in combination with ketamine 2.5mg/ kg and
divided into groups A, B and C, respectively with 12
animals in each group.
Results: The onset of
analgesia in animals of group A (bupivacaine +
ketamine) was 3.0±0.3 min, group B (xylazine +
ketamine) was recorded as 2.6±0.4 min and group C (buprenorphine
+ ketamine) 4.0±0.4 min. Ketamine-bupivacaine in
animals of group A produced complete analgesia of
almost all the dermatomes for varying lengths of
time. So also the group B except that it produced
only moderate analgesia of thorax, abdomen and
flank. Animals of group C produced only mild
analgesia of thorax, abdomen and flank and moderate
analgesia of digits , perineum, inguinal, himd limbs
and tail region. The longest (>180 min.) duration of
complete analgesia was recorded in animals of group
A. The heart rate and respiration rate significantly
decreased in group A and B than group C, so also the
rectal temperature. Sedation recorded was maximum in
group B fallowed by group A and least sedation
scores were given by group C animals. Similiarly the
scores of motor incordination was higher in group B
and group A than group C.
Conclusion: It was
concluded that the combinations viz. Bupivacaine+
Ketamine and Xylazine + ketamine when given
intraspinally at the lumbosacral space have similar
analgesic potency on spinal administration in
buffaloes. The synergism is more pronounced in
xylazine-ketamine combination,whereas Buprenorphine
+ketamine combination in the above said dose is a
poor analgesic agent when used intraspinally at the
lumbosacral space in buffalo calves.
Keywords:
buffalo calves, bupivacaine, buprenorphine, ketamine,
lumbosacral, spinal, xylazine
