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Open Access
Copyright: The authors. This article is an open access
article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0) which permits unrestricted use,
distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly
cited.
Review Article
10.
Vibrio parahaemolyticus- An emerging
foodborne pathogen -
S Nelapati, K Nelapati and B K Chinnam
Vet World. 2012; 5(1): 48-63
doi:
10.5455/vetworld.201 2.48-62
Abstract
Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a halophilic gram
negative, motile, oxidase positive, straight or
curved rod-shaped, facultative anaerobic bacteria
that occur naturally in the marine environment.
They form part of the indigenous microflora of
aquatic habitats of various salinity and are the
major causative agents for some of the most
serious diseases in fish, shellfish and penacid
shrimp. This human pathogen causes acute
gastroenteritis characterized by diarrhea,
vomiting and abdominal cramps through consumption
of contaminated raw fish or shellfish. V.
parahaemolyticus is the leading cause of
gastroenteritis due to the consumption of seafood
worldwide. The incidence of V. parahaemolyticus
infection has been increasing in many parts of the
world, due to the emergence of O3:K6 serotype
carrying the tdh gene which is responsible for
most outbreaks worldwide. The pathogenicity of
this organism is closely correlated with the
Kanagawa phenomenon (KP +) due to production of
Kanagawa hemolysin or the thermostable direct
hemolysin (TDH). The TDH and TRH (TDH-related
hemolysin) encoded by tdh and trh genes are
considered to be important virulence factors.
Keywords: Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Kanagawa
test, tdh, trh, sea foodborne pathogen,
facultative anaerobic organism.
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