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Open Access
Copyright: The authors. This article is an open access
article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0) which permits unrestricted use,
distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly
cited.
Review Article
(Published online : 30-03-2013)
20.
Heat detection techniques in cattle and buffalo -
Thakur Krishna Shankar Rao, Niranjan Kumar, Pankaj Kumar, Shailendra Chaurasia
and
Navin B. Patel
Vet World. 2013; 6(6): 363-369
doi:
10.5455/vetworld.2013.36 3-369
Abstract
Proper heat detection to achieve appropriate timing of insemination is the
biggest restriction in attaining high conception rate in dairy herd. The estrus
detection is the key issue to be considered on priority basis. Inefficient heat
detection reduces the fertility status of herd. Interventions in existing
management practices manifest estrus nicely. Manifestation of estrus is due to
effect of estrogen on Central Nervous System (CNS). The standing to be ridden is
the best reliable sign of estrus. Ovulation time is well estimated by standing
heat. Different factors are responsible which affect estrous behavior, out of
which feeding and management interventions are one of the most important factor.
For improving efficiency of heat detection in animal visual observation is best
method, if it is done three times a day for at least 30 minutes every time,
however heat detection aids, if used in combination give better results. The
progesterone (P4) estimation in milk and ultrasound monitoring of ovary and
reproductive tracts for estimation of ovulation time are other important
methods. Ovulation time is very important point in dairy reproduction
management, as optimum time for Artificial Insemination (A.I.) is based on, when
ovulation takes place. It is already established that, estrus detection alone
contributes considerably to reproductive status of the herd, therefore the need
of the hour is critical observation of dairy herd to reduce incidence of
unnoticed estrus.
Keywords: buffalo, cow, estrus, heat detection,
ovulation
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