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Open Access
Copyright: The authors. This article is an open access
article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0) which permits unrestricted use,
distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly
cited.
Research (Published
online : 23-09-2013)
3. Preparation of Foot and Mouth Disease trivalent
vaccine type A, O, SAT2 with determination of the Guinea pig protective dose 50
(GPPD50) - Hind M. Daoud, Ehab El-Sayed Ibrahim, Wael Mossad Gamal
El-Din and Amr Ismail Hassan Hassanin
Veterinary World, 6(11): 844-851
doi:
10.14202/vetworld.2013.844-851
Abstract
Aim: To determine the minimal
effective dose of Foot and Mouth disease (FMD) serotypes (A, O,
SAT2) according to antigenic content (146S) in order to produce a
potent trivalent FMD vaccine.
Materials and Methods: Monovalent ISA 206 vaccines were
prepared with 3 final concentration of 146S (1.6, 2.2, 2.8
µg/dose). The vaccine potency was evaluated by the determination
of guinea pig protective dose 50 (GPPD50)for each concentration of
146S for each type of FMD monovalent vaccine where a fourfold
dilution of the vaccines was constructed and each dilution was
inoculated as 0.5 ml S/C in each of 5 guinea pigs.
Results: The obtained results revealed that by using 1.6 µg
of 146S for type O Pan Asia-2, A Iran O5 and SAT/EGY/2012, the
GPPD50 was 40.4, 19.75 and 31.6 respectively, while the use of 2.2
µg of 146S resulted in GPPD50 78.6, 78.6 and 105.8 for the three
types respectively, and by using 2.8 µg of 146S resulted in GPPD50
161.7, 105.8 and 161.7 for the three subtypes (A, O, SAT2)
respectively. So it is clear that the lowest 146S dilution
inducing good protection (more than 72 GPPD50) was 2.2 µg for each
serotype of used FMD monovalent vaccines. Depending on this
result, the trivalent vaccine was formulated as 2.2 µg of 146S
payload from each virus type/dose with equal volume of montanide
ISA 206 oil as adjuvant. For more confirmation the prepared
trivalent vaccine potency was evaluated by Guinea pig protective
dose 50 which was found to be 88 GPPD50.Also mean SNT antibody
titer was detected in serum of the test Guinea pigs 1.56, 1.68 and
1.68 log10/ml against FMDV serotype O Pan Asia-2, A Iran O5 and
SAT/EGY/2012 respectively in a higher level than the recommended
protective titer (PT=1.2). Also for further confirmation the
formulated trivalent vaccine which contain 2.2 µg/serotype/dose
were evaluated in cattle to measure the antibody titer against the
three serotypes and the antibody against the three serotypes were
found to be higher than the recommended titer (1.5) which extended
for 32 WPV and these results came in parallel manner to the GPPD50
and antibody titer of the Guinea pigs of the prepared trivalent
vaccine with 146S (2.2 µg/serotype/dose).
Conclusion: It could be concluded that the minimum content
of antigenic 146S of FMDV serotype O pan Asia, A Iran O5 and SAT2
/ EGY/2012 should not be less than 2.2 µg/dose/ from each serotype
in the trivalent vaccine aiming to induce the permissible
protection in vaccinated livestock.
Keywords: 146S, cattle, FMD, GPPD50, guinea pigs, trivalent
vaccine
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