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Open Access
Copyright: The authors. This article is an open access
article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0) which permits unrestricted use,
distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly
cited.
Research (Published
online : 13-09-2013)
26. Toxicopathological interaction of lead and cadmium and amelioration with
N-Acetyl-L-Cysteine -
B. Anilkumar, A. Gopala Reddy, A. Anand Kumar, G. Ambica and C. Haritha
Veterinary World, 6(10): 823-827
doi:
10.14202/vetworld.2013.823-827
Abstract
Aim: To investigate the
nephrotoxicity induced by the combined exposure of lead (Pb) and
cadmium (Cd) and its amelioration with N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC).
Materials and Methods: To evaluate the nephrotoxicity of Pb
and Cd, the present study was taken up with a total of 48 male
wistar rats, divided uniformly into eight groups each with 6 rats.
Groups I and II were kept as untreated control and NAC control,
respectively. Groups III, IV and V served as toxic control groups
viz., Pb, Cd and combination of Pb+ Cd @ 1000, 300 and 1000+300
ppm, respectively. Whereas groups VI, VII and VIII were co exposed
with NAC and served as therapeutic groups (Pb, Cd and combination
of Pb+ Cd @ 1000, 300 and 1000+300 ppm, respectively and NAC @
300mg/ kg). The experiment was carried out for 3 months and kidney
tissues were collected for histopathological and electron
microscopic study at the end of the experiment.
Results: Histopathological examination of kidney tissue
revealed marked alterations and electron microscopic observations
also showed marked ultrastructural changes and these changes were
more pronounced in Pb and Cd co exposure group (group 5) than the
Pb and Cd alone exposed groups (groups 3 and 4), respectively. We
also observed a significant (p<0.05) elevation in the serum
creatinine levels. Use of the NAC counteracted the all toxic
effects by chelating these metals, thereby reducing their
accumulation and NAC also demonstrated its antioxidant properties,
as judged by a significant reduction in the serum creatinine
levels.
Conclusion: We conclude that the co-existence of these
metals showed a positive pharmacodynamic interaction and
significant improvement was noticed after NAC therapy.
Keywords: cadmium, lead, N-Acetyl-L-Cysteine, rat
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