Veterinary World

 
ISSN (Online): 2231-0916
 

 Home

 Editorial board

 Instructions for authors

 Reviewer guideline

 Open access policy

 Archives

 FAQ

 

 

Open Access

Copyright: The authors. This article is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0) which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited.

Research (Published online : 05-07-2013)
 13. Artificial insemination in swine in an organized farm – A pilot study - B. S. M. Ronald, Thilak Pon Jawahar, P. Tensingh Gnanaraj and T. Sivakumar

Vet World. 2013; 6(9): 651-654

 

doi: 10.14202/vetworld.2013.651-654

 

 

 

 

Abstract

Aim: To assess the reproductive performance and managemental advantages of Artificial Insemination of swine.
Materials and Methods: Large White Yorkshire sows were grouped into two batches (10 each) for AI and natural mating. AI group was given two inseminations with semen extended with Beltsville Thawing Solution (BTS,3 x 109 spermatozoa per dose), at standing heat. Similarly, for natural mating group, triple mating was followed. The reproductive performance was studied after maintaining the sows under optimal managemental conditions.
Results: The results indicated that AI and natural mating practices showed 100% conception rate. The litter size of AI group was 8.36±0.28 and that of the natural mating group was 10.6±0.64, that varied with high significance. The still birth rate was 0.7±0.26, which was significantly higher in natural mating group. The pre-weaning mortality was 4.34% and 7.5% for AI group and natural mating group respectively. The time consumed during mating per sow also varied highly significantly which was 11.46±0.47 minutes and 51.2±2.08 minutes for the AI group and natural mating group respectively.
Conclusion: It was found that AI was found to be time and labor saving. The reduced litter size in AI group could be improved by ensuring that inseminations occur at an optimum time resulting in a high farrowing rate and litter size. AI can be successfully introduced in field conditions with some fine tuning.
Keywords: artificial insemination, conception rate, litter size, mating, mortality, swine

References

1. ABIPECS (2011) http://www.abipecs.org.br/pt/estatisticas/mundial/producao-2.html. Accessed on 29-01-2013.
 
2. Johnson, L.A., Weitze, K.F., Fiser, P. and Maxwell, W.M.C., (2000) Storage of boar semen. Animal Reproduction Science 62, 143 –172.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0378-4320(00)00157-3
 
3. Am-in, N, Tantasuparuk, W. and Manjarin R, (2011) Effect of site of sperm deposition on fertility when sows are inseminated with aged semen. Journal of Swine Health Production, 19(5):295–297.
 
4. Safranski, T.J. (1997) Artificial insemination in swine: A tool whose time has come. University of Missouri – Columbia, Animal Sciences Departmental Report. page.10.
 
5. Roger J. Gerrits, Joan K. Lunney, Lawrence A. Johnson, Vernon G. Pursel, Robert R. Kraeling, Gary A. Rohrer and John,R. Dobrinsky, (2005) Perspectives for artificial insemination and genomics to improve global swine populations. Theriogenology 63 : 283–299.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.theriogenology.2004.09.013
PMid:15626400
 
6. Alvarez, J.G, and Storey, B.T. (1982) Spontaneous lipid peroxidation in rabbit epididymal spermatozoa: its effect on sperm motility. Biology of Reproduction, 27, 1102-1108.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1095/biolreprod27.5.1102
PMid:6297627
 
7. Gadea, J. (2003) Semen Extenders used in the artificial insemination of Swine. Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research,1(2):17 -27.
 
8. Steverink, D.W.B., Soede, N.M., Bouwman, E.G. and Kemp, B. (1998) Semen backflow after insemination and its effect on fertilization results in sows. Animal Reproduction Science, 54:109-119.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0378-4320(98)00146-8
 
9. Watson, P.F., Behan, J., Decuadro-Hansen, G. and Cassou, B. (2001) Deep insemination of sows with reduced sperm numbers does not compromise fertility: a commercially- based field trial. Sixth International Conference on Pig Reproduction, University of Missouri Columbia. pp. 135.
 
10. Krueger, C. and D. Rath. (2000). Intrauterine insemination in sows with reduced sperm number. Reproduction and Fertility Development, 17:113-117.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/RD00035
 
11. Hanneke Feitsma (2009) Artificial insemination in pigs, research and developments in The Netherlands, a review. Acta Scientiae Veterinariae. 37(Supl 1): 61-71.
 
12. Althouse, G. and Rossow, K. (2011) The Potential Risk of Infectious Disease Dissemination Via Artificial Insemination in Swine. Reproduction in Domestic Animals, 46: 64–67. doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2011.01863.x.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0531.2011.01863.x
 
13. Vinodh, R., Raj, G.D., Govindarajan, R., and Thiagarajan, V., (2008) Detection of Leptospira and Brucella genomes in bovine semen using polymerase chain reaction. Tropical Animal Health Production, 40: 323–329.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11250-007-9110-5
PMid:18509939
 
14. Madson, D.M., Patterson, A.R., Ramamoorthy, S., Pal, N., Meng, X.J., and Opriessing, T. (2009) Reproductive failure experimentally induced in sows via artificial insemination with semen spiked with porcine circovirus type 2. Veterinary Pathology. 46:707–716.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1354/vp.08-VP-0234-O-FL
PMid:19276045
 
15. Flowers, W.L. and Alhusen, H.D. (1992) Reproductive performance and estimates of labor requirements associated with combinations of artificial insemination and natural service in swine. Journal of Animal Science,70:615.
PMid:1563988
 
16. Flowers, W.L. and Esbenshade, K.L. (1993) Optimizing management of natural and artificial matings in swine. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility, Suppl. 48, 217-228.
PMid:8145206
 
17. Lamberson, W.R. and Safranski, T.J. (2000) A model for economic comparison of swine insemination programs. Theriogenology 54(5): 799 – 807.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0093-691X(00)00391-5
 
18. Eduardo Paulino da Costa, Aurea Helena Assis da Costa, Gustavo Guerino Macedo and Emílio César Martins Pereira, (2011) Artificial insemination in Farm Animals. ISBN 978- 953-307-312-5, Chaper 6. Intech Open Access Publisher Pp. 96-114.
 
19. http://www.thepigsite.com/articles/26/artificial-insemina-tion/3593/danish-pig-research-centre-annual-report-2010- ai-research-development. Accessed on 01-02-2013.
 
20. Tsakmakidis, I.A., Tzika, E.D. and Lymberopoulos, A.G. (2010) Swine artificial insemination: development and biotechnology applications. Journal of the Hellenic Veterinary Medical Society. 61 (4): 330-338.