|  | 
              
  
              
              Open Access  
Copyright: The authors. This article is an open access 
article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0) which permits unrestricted use, 
distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly 
cited. 
 
              
              
              Research 
(Published 
online: 18-02-2014) 
8. Biochemical changes following electro-acupuncture 
and static magnetic field therapy in rabbits for bone defect healing 
- Girraj Shakya, M. M. S. Zama, H. P. Aithal, Reihii John and Mahendra Baghel83-86Veterinary World, 7(2):
 
  
              doi: 
              10.14202/vetworld.2014.83-86 
                
              
              
          
 
              Abstract 
 
              Aim: To evaluate the effect 
              of Electro-Acupuncture (EA) and Static Magnetic Field (SMF) 
              therapy on healing of bone defect in rabbits.Materials and Methods: A 2 mm bone defect was created at 
              radial midshaft of 18 New Zealand White rabbits. The animals were 
              then randomly divided into 3 equal groups. The animals in the 
              group A did not receive any physiotherapy and served as control. 
              Group B animals were treated with the EA using 50 Hz and 3-10 mA 
              DD current for 10 min. Group C animals were treated with SMF 
              therapy on alternate days till day 15. Activity of serum calcium 
              (Ca), potassium (P) and ALP; Plasma Cortisol and LPO were 
              evaluated preoperatively and on days 7, 15, 30 and 60 of 
              experiment.
 Results: Postoperatively, SMF therapy treated animals 
              exhibited higher Ca, P and ALP level and low initial level of 
              Cortisol and LPO as compared to EA and control group animal.
 Conclusion: SMF and EA had positive effect on bone defect 
              healing and early resolution of stress, induced due to creation of 
              bone defect, however SMF had an edge over EA.
 Keywords: bone defect healing, electro acupuncture, static 
              magnetic field.
 
 
              References 
 
                
                  | 1. Steyn, P. E., Ramey, D. W., Kirschvink, J., and Uhrig, J. 
                  (2000) Effect of SMF on blood flow to the metacarpus in 
                  horses. J. Am. Vet. Assoc., 217: 874-877. http://dx.doi.org/10.2460/javma.2000.217.874
 |  
                  |  |  
                  | 2. Jansen, J. H., Van der Jagt, O. P., Punt, B. J., Verhaar, 
                  J. A., van Leeuwen, J. P., Weinans, H., and Jahr, H. (2010) 
                  Stimulation of osteogenic differentiation in human 
                  osteoprogenitor cells by pulsed electromagnetic fields: an in 
                  vitro study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 23(11):188. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2474-11-188
 |  
                  |  |  
                  | 3. Bruce, G. K., Howlett, C. R. and Huckstep R. L. (1987) 
                  Effect of a static magnetic field on fracture healing in 
                  rabbit radius: preliminary results. Clin Orthop Relat Res 222: 
                  300–306. |  
                  |  |  
                  | 4. Saifzadeh, S., Rezazadeh, G., Naghadeh, B. D. and Ajodani, 
                  M. (2006) Enhancement of bone healing by static magnetic field 
                  in the dog: biomechanical study. Iranian Journal of Veterinary 
                  Surgery, 1: 58-64. |  
                  |  |  
                  | 5. Huang, H. M., Lee, S. Y., Yao, W. C., Lin, C. T. and Yeh, 
                  C. Y. (2006) Static magnetic fields up-regulate osteoblast 
                  maturity by affecting local differentiation factors. Clin 
                  Orthop Relat Res 447: 201–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.blo.0000203464.35561.be
 |  
                  |  |  
                  | 6. Morris, C. E. and Skalak T. C. (2008) Acute exposure to a 
                  moderate strength static magnetic field reduces edema 
                  formation in rats. Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol., 
                  294(1): 50-57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00529.2007
 |  
                  |  |  
                  | 7. Null, G. (1998) Healing with magnets. 1st Edn., New York, 
                  carroll and Graf publishers Inc., PP: 120-135. |  
                  |  |  
                  | 8. Fu, H. (2000) What is material base of acupuncture ? The 
                  nerves. Medical Hypothesis., 54(3): 358-359. http://dx.doi.org/10.1054/mehy.1999.0846
 |  
                  |  |  
                  | 9. Bakhtiari, J. and Zama, M. M. S. (1998) Annual 
                  International Congress on Veterinary Acupuncture, pp: 186- 
                  194. |  
                  |  |  
                  | 10. Zama, M. M. S., Gupta, O. P., Singh, G. R. and Swarup, D. 
                  (1999) Post operative acupuncture therapy in fracture of 
                  femur: clinical, haematological and biochemical studies in 
                  goats. Indian J Vet Surg, 20: 86-87. |  
                  |  |  
                  | 11. Nakajima, M., Inoue, M., Hojo, T., Inoue, N., Tanaka, K., 
                  Takatori, R. and Itoi, M. (2010) Effect of EA on the healing 
                  process of tibia fracture in a rat model: a randomised 
                  controlled trial. Acupunct Med. 28: 140-143. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/aim.2009.001800
 |  
                  |  |  
                  | 12. Amarpal., Kinjavdekar, P., Aithal, H. P., Pawde, A. M. and 
                  Pratap, K. (2010) A comparision of xylazine-ketamine, 
                  acepromazine-ketamine, and medetomidine-ketamine combination 
                  for general anaesthesia in rabbits. Scand. J. Lab. Anim. Sci., 
                  37: 223-229. |  
                  |  |  
                  | 13. Asghari, A., Haghdost, I. S. and Gharachorlou, A. (2011) 
                  Evaluation of the effect of different amounts of vitamin D3 in 
                  bone healing and maintenance of serum vitamin D and Ca 
                  concentration in the rabbit. Advances in Environmental 
                  Biology, 5(7): 1548-1553. |  
                  |  |  
                  | 14. Rao, T. M., Lakshmipathi, G. V., Sastry, T. P. and 
                  Ramakrishna, O. (2001) Biochemical changes following ulnar 
                  segmental defect repair with fibrillar collagen - hydroxyl-apetite 
                  and porous hydroxy-apetite implant in canines. Indian J. Anim. 
                  Res., 35(2): 112 - 115. |  
                  |  |  
                  | 15. Darendililer, M., Darendililer, A. and Sinclair, P. (1997) 
                  Effect of static magnetic and pulsed electromagnetic fields on 
                  bone healing. Int. J. Adult Orth. Orthog. Surg., 12: 45-53. |  
                  |  |  
                  | 16. Shen, M., Qi, X., Huang, Y., Lü, Y. and Cai, W. (1999) 
                  Effects of acupuncture on the pituitary-thyroid axis in 
                  rabbits with fracture. J. Tradit. Chin. Med., 19: 300-3. |  
                  |  |  
                  | 17. Paskalev, M., Krastev, S. and Filipov, J. (2005) Changes 
                  in some serum bone markers after experimental fracture and 
                  intramedullary osteosynthesis in dogs. Trakia Journal of 
                  Sciences, 3(5): 46-50. |  
                  |  |  
                  | 18. Tembhurne, R.D., Gahlod, B.M., Dhakate, M.S., Akhare S.B., 
                  Upadhye S. V., and Bawaskar S. S. (2010) Management of femoral 
                  fracture with the use of horn peg in canine. Vet. World., 
                  3(1): 37-41. |  
                  |  |  
                  | 19. Yamamoto, Y., Ohsaki, Y., Goto, T., Nakasima, A. and 
                  Iijima, T. (2003) Effects of SMFs on bone formation in rat 
                  osteoblast cultures. J. Dent. Res., 82: 962-66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154405910308201205
 |  
                  |  |  
                  | 20. Cheng, R., McKibbin, L., Roy, B. and Pomeranz, B. (1980) 
                  EA elevates blood cortisol levels in naive horses; sham 
                  treatment has no effect. Int. J. Neurosci., 10: 95-97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00207458009160487
 |  
                  |  |  
                  | 21. Zare, S., Hayatgeibi, H., Alivandi, S. and Ebadi, A. G. 
                  (2006). Effects of 50hz magnetic field on some factors of the 
                  immune system in male guinea pigs. Internet J Med Tech, 3(1): 
                  1-6. |  
                  |  |  
                  | 22. Prasad, G., Dhillon, M. S., Khullar, M. and Nagi, O. N. 
                  (2003). Evaluation of oxidative stress after fractures: A 
                  preliminary study. Acta Orthopædica Belgica, 69(6): 546- 551. |  
                  |  |  
                  | 23. Yu, Y. P., Ju, W. P., Li, Z. G., Wang, D. Z., Wang, Y. C. 
                  and Xie, A. M. (2010). Acupuncture inhibits oxidative stress 
                  and rotational behavior in 6- hydroxydopamine lesioned rat. 
                  Brain Res., 1336: 58-65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.brainres.2010.04.020
 |  |  |