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Research
(Published
online: 19-07-2014)
10. Antidiarrhoeal effect of the crude
methanol extract of the dried fruit of Adansonia digitata L. (Malvaceae)
- Mohammed Musa Suleiman, Mohammed Mamman, Ibrahim Hassan, Shamsu
Garba, Mohammed Umaru Kawu and Patricia Ishaku Kobo
Veterinary World, 7(7): 496-500
doi:
10.14202/vetworld.2014.496-500
Mohammed Musa Suleiman:
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary
Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria; mohsulai@yahoo.com
Mohammed Mamman:
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary
Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria; mammanm@hotmail.com
Ibrahim Hassan:
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary
Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria; abusa001@gmail.com
Shamsu Garba:
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary
Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria;
sdanjuma74@gmail.com
Mohammed Umaru Kawu:
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ahmadu
Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria; mukawa@yahoo.com
Patricia Ishaku Kobo:
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary
Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria;
patriciakobo@yahoo.com
Received: 06-04-2014, Revised: 12-06-2014, Accepted: 14-06-2014,
Published online: 19-07-2014
Corresponding author: Mohammed Musa Suleiman,
email:mohsulai@yahoo.com
Abstract
Aim: The study was designed
to evaluate the antidiarrhoeal property of the methanol extract of
the fruit of Adansonia digitata using laboratory animal models.
Materials and Methods: The acute oral toxicity (LD50) of
the extract was determined in mice, while the antidiarrhoeal
effect of different doses of the extract was evaluated in both
mice and rats. The effect of the extract at doses of 300, 700 and
1000 mg/kg were tested against intestinal transit time, magnesium
sulphate-induced gastrointestinal motility test and castor
oil-induced diarrhoea, respectively in mice. Similarly, the
extract at the doses mentioned above was evaluated against
castor-oil induced enteropooling in rats.
Results: The methanol extract of A. digitata was shown to
have no toxic effect in mice at doses up to 5000 mg/kg. At doses
of 300 and 700 mg/kg the extract significantly (p<0.01) decrease
intestinal transit time in mice. In addition, the extract at doses
of 300, 700 and 1000 mg/kg, significantly (p<0.05) lowered
diarrhoea induced by magnesium sulphate and castor oil in mice.
Similarly, the extract produced a significant (p<0.05) inhibition
of enteropooling caused by castor oil in rats. The antidiarrhoeal
effect of the extract was shown to be dose-dependent.
Conclusion: These findings revealed the potential of the
extract of fruit of A. digitata as an antidiarrhoeal agent. The
detailed mechanism of the extract antidiarrhoeal action is yet to
be ascertained. However, one or more of the phytoconstituents
contained in the extract could be responsible for the observed
antidiarrhoeal effect.
Keywords: Adansonia digitata L., antidiarrhoeal activity,
castor oil, charcoal meal, mice.
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