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Research
(Published
online: 23-07-2014)
13. Prevalence and risk factor's analysis of bovine brucellosis in
peri-urban areas under intensive system of production in Gujarat,
India
- M. D. Patel, P. R.
Patel, M. G. Prajapati, A. N. Kanani, K. K. Tyagi and A. B.
Fulsoundar
Veterinary World, 7(7): 509-516
doi:
10.14202/vetworld.2014.509-516
M. D. Patel; Livestock Research Station, Navsari Agricultural
University, Navsari-396 450, Gujarat, India; drmanish911@yahoo.com
P. R. Patel: Retired Professor and Head, Department of
Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary College, Anand Agricultural
University, Anand - 388001, Gujarat, India; rajlaxmigira@rediffmail.com
M. G. Prajapati: Deputy Director, State Department of
Animal Husbandry, Navsari District Panchayat, Navsari, Gujarat,
India; maheshbhaiprajapati@gmail.com
A. N. Kanani: Deputy Director, Animal Disease Investigation
Office, State Department of Animal Husbandry, Polytechnic campus,
Ambavadi, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India; amit_kanani@hotmail.com
K. K. Tyagi: Livestock Research Station, Navsari Agricultural
University, Navsari-396 450, Gujarat, India; naulrs@gmail.com
A. B. Fulsoundar; Livestock Research Station, Navsari
Agricultural University, Navsari-396 450, Gujarat, India;
abfulsoundar@gmail.com
Received: 31-03-2014, Revised: 14-06-2014, Accepted: 18-06-2014,
Published online: 23-07-2014
Corresponding author: M. D. Patel, email: drmanish911@yahoo.com
Abstract
Aim: A study on surveillance
of bovine brucellosis in dairy herds of peri-urban areas under
intensive system of production was carried out by milk-ELISA.
Various risk factors were identified having significant
association with occurrence of bovine brucellosis in dairy herds
of peri-urban areas.
Materials and Methods: Five randomly selected peri-uban
areas of six cities of Gujarat were included in the present study.
Five randomly selected dairy herds under intensive system of
production from each selected peri-urban area were included for
further investigation. In total, 199 bulk and 582 individual milk
samples were screened by milk-ELISA. Forty three different risk
factors were identified and grouped into four major categories as
general characteristics of farms, introduction of infection to
farms, management systems of farms and exposure of disease.
Further, their distribution and association with prevalence of
bovine brucellosis was studied.
Results: The overall herd and animal prevalence in peri-urban
areas was 33.70 and 11.90%, respectively. Out of 11 risk factors
on general characteristics of dairy farms, only five (herd size,
type of animals, type of breed, age of owner and knowledge gained
by owners) showed significant (p<0.05) association with occurrence
of bovine brucellosis. None of risk factors on introduction of
infection to farms (n=6) and management systems of farms (n=11)
was found significantly associated with occurrence of brucellosis.
Among risk factors on exposure of disease (n=15), history of
abortion, retention of placenta, still birth and metritis/endometritis
showed significant (p<0.05) association with prevalence of bovine
brucellosis.
Conclusion: It was concluded that prevalence of bovine
brucellosis in dairy herds under intensive system of production in
peri-urban areas of Gujarat was comparatively higher than reported
overall prevalence of brucellosis. Risk factors like larger herd
in close confinement without adequate sheds, type of animal, type
of breed and knowledge/awareness of dairyman, unrestricted animal
market, replacement without prior testing, reproductive disorders
with absence of their testing are the important risk factors under
the intensive production system of peri-urban areas of Gujarat,
India.
Keywords: bovine brucellosis, milk-ELISA, peri-urban area,
risk factors.
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