| 
              
              
              Open Access  
Copyright: The authors. This article is an open access 
article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0) which permits unrestricted use, 
distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly 
cited. 
 
              
              
              Research 
(Published 
online: 26-03-2014) 
              12. Evaluation of various cultural 
              enrichment methods for the detection of selected food borne 
              bacterial pathogens - C. Latha, B. Sunil, V. J. Ajay 
              Kumar, C. J. Anu and J. DeepaVeterinary World, 7(3): 172-176
 
  
              doi: 
              10.14202/vetworld.2014.172-176 
                
              
   
                
                
                
 
              Abstract 
 
              Aim: The study was conducted 
              to evaluate the performance of different enrichment broths such as 
              Tryptic Soy Yeast extract Broth (TSBYE), Brain Heart Infusion 
              broth (BHI), Nutrient Broth (NB), Luria Broth (LB) and Peptone 
              water (PW) for the detection of Listeria monocytogenes, 
              Yersinia enterocolitica, Staphylococcus aureus and 
              Salmonella enterica Typhimurium. Materials and Methods: The bacterial strains were procured 
              from Institute of Microbial Technology (IMTECH), Chandigarh. 
              Growth of these food borne pathogens at two different incubation 
              temperatures (350C and 370C) and three 
              different incubation periods (12h., 16h. and 18h.) were studied.
 Results: The result of the study showed that enrichment in 
              Tryptic soy broth with yeast extract (TSBYE) and incubation at 370C 
              for 18h. is superior for the enrichment of all the organisms under 
              study.
 
              Conclusion: TSBYE can be used 
              very effectively as universal enrichment broth in comparison with 
              all other enrichment broths studied for the detection of L. 
              monocytogenes, Y. enterocolitica, S. aureus and S. enterica 
              Typhimurium.Keywords: broth, enrichment, foodborne pathogen, L. 
              monocytogenes, S. aureus, S. enterica Typhimurium, Y. 
              enterocolitica.
 
 
              References 
 
                
                  | 1. WHO. (2013) Report on food borne disease surveillance. 
                  http://www.who.Int/foodborne_disease/en/html. Accessed 
                  05-12-2013. |  
                  |  |  
                  | 2. Sunil, B., Latha, C., Remya, R., Ajaykumar, V.J. and Vrinda 
                  Menon, K. (2012) Comparison of different enrichment methods 
                  for the detection of L.monocytogenes from milk samples. J. 
                  Ind. Vet. Assoc., Kerala. 10 (2):20-21. |  
                  |  |  
                  | 3. Jemmi, C.T. and Stephan, R. (2006) L. monocytogenes: Food 
                  borne pathogen and Hygiene indicator. Rev. Sci. Tech. Eff. 
                  Int. Epiz. 25(2):571-580. |  
                  |  |  
                  | 4. Bottone, E.J. (1999) Yersinia enterocolitica: Overview and 
                  epidemiologic correlates. Microbes Infect. 1:323-333. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1286-4579(99)80028-8
 |  
                  |  |  
                  | 5. Boghenbor, K.K., Stephen, L.W.O., Branko, K., Andreas, B., 
                  Trudy, M.W., Matthias, W., Beatrice, B.C. and Joachim, F. 
                  (2006) Genotyping of Human and Porcine Y. enterocolitica, Y. 
                  intermedia and Y. bercovieri strains from Switzerland by 
                  Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism analysis. Appl. 
                  Environ. Microbiol. 72 (6): 4061-4066. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AEM.01996-05
 PMid:16751516 PMCid:PMC1489625
 |  
                  |  |  
                  | 6. Kwaga, J. and Iversen, J.O. (1992) Laboratory investigation 
                  of virulence among strains of Yersinia enterocolitica and 
                  related species isolated from pigs and pork products. Can. J. 
                  Microbiol. 38: 92-97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/m92-015
 PMid:1521193
 |  
                  |  |  
                  | 7. Pelliser, M.R., Klein, C.S., Ascoli, K.R., Zotti, T.R., 
                  Arisil, A.C.M. (2009) Occurrence of Staphylococcus aureus and 
                  multiplex PCR detection of classic enterotoxin genes in cheese 
                  and meat products. Braz. J. Microbiol. 40: 145-148. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1517-83822009000100025
 |  
                  |  |  
                  | 8. Akineden, O., Hassan, A.A., Schneider, E., Usleber, E. 
                  (2008) Enterotoxigenic properties of Staphylococcus aureus 
                  isolated from goat's milk cheese. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 124: 
                  211-216. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2008.03.027
 PMid:18455257
 |  
                  |  |  
                  | 9. CDC. (2011) CDC estimates of food borne illness in United 
                  States. http://www.cdc.gov/foodborneburden/2011-foodborne-estimates.html. 
                  Accessed on 21-11-2013. |  
                  |  |  
                  | 10. Normanno, G., La Salandra, G., Dambrosio, A., Quaglia, 
                  N.C., Corrente, M., Parisi, A., Santagada, G., Firinu, A., 
                  Crisetti, E., Celano, G.V. (2007) Occurrence, Characteri- 
                  zation and antimicrobial resistance of enterotoxigenic 
                  Staphylococcus aureus isolated from meat and Dairy products. 
                  Int. J. Food Microbiol. 115: 290-296. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2006.10.049
 PMid:17321621
 |  
                  |  |  
                  | 11. Antoine, S.T., Annaelle, K., Anne, B. (2008) 
                  Epidemiological analysis ofSalmonella enterica from beef 
                  sampled in the slaughter house and retailersin Dakar (Senegal) 
                  using pulsed field gel electrophoresis and antibiotic 
                  susceptibility testing. J. Food Microbiol. 123:191- 197. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2008.01.007
 PMid:18325615
 |  
                  |  |  
                  | 12. Robles, G.M., Loredo, A., Ojeda, G., Vega, A., Chew, Y., 
                  Velarde, S., Fratamico, P. (2008) Identification of Salmonella 
                  serovars isolated from Cantaloupe and Chile pepper production 
                  systems in Mexico by PCR-RFLP. J. Food Protect.71 (11): 
                  2217-2222. |  
                  |  |  
                  | 13. Kawasaki, S., Fratamico, P.M., Horikoshi, N., Okada, Y., 
                  Takeshita, K., Sameshima, T. and Kawamoto, S. (2009) 
                  Evaluation of a multiplex PCR system for simultaneous 
                  detection of Salmonella, E.coli O157:H7, and L. monocytogenes 
                  in foods and in food subjected to freezing. Foodborne Path. 
                  Dis. 6(1):81-88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/fpd.2008.0153
 PMid:18991547
 |  
                  |  |  
                  | 14. Gracias, K. S., and Mc Killip, J. L. (2004) A review of 
                  conventional detection and enumeration methods for pathogenic 
                  bacteria in food. Can. J. Microbiol. 50:883-890. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/w04-080
 PMid:15644905
 |  
                  |  |  
                  | 15. Kim, H. and Bhunia, A.K. (2008) SEL, a selective 
                  enrichment broth for simultaneous growth of Salmonella 
                  enterica, E. coli O157:H7, and L.monocytogenes. Appl. Environ. 
                  Microbiol. 74 (15): 4853-4866. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AEM.02756-07
 PMid:18539786 PMCid:PMC2519329
 |  
                  |  |  
                  | 16. APHA. (2001) Compendium of methods for the Microbiological 
                  examination of foods (4thed.) Washington DC, pp 343-428. |  
                  |  |  
                  | 17. Mcfarland, J. (1907) The nephelometer: An instrument for 
                  estimating the number of bacteria in suspensions used for 
                  calculating the opsonic index and for vaccines. J. Am. Med. 
                  Assoc. 14:1176-1178. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.1907.25320140022001f
 |  
                  |  |  
                  | 18. Busch, S.V., Donnelly, C.W. (1992) Development of a repair 
                  enrichment broth for the resuscitation of heat injured L. 
                  monocytogenes and L.innocua. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 58(1): 
                  14-20. PMid:1531746 PMCid:PMC195165
 |  
                  |  |  
                  | 19. Cloak, O.M., Duffy, G., Sheridan, J.J., Blair, I.S., Mc 
                  Dowell, D.A. (1999) Isolation and detection of Listeria spp, 
                  Salmonella spp and Yersinia spp using a simultaneous 
                  enrichment step followed by a surface adhesion immune 
                  fluorescent technique. J. Microbiol. Methods. 39(1): 33-43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0167-7012(99)00095-0
 |  
                  |  |  
                  | 20. Amoako, E.B., Syed, T., Richard, F.A. and Jim, S. (1992) 
                  Evaluation of the ability of primary selective enrichment to 
                  resuscitate heat-injured and freeze-injured Listeria 
                  monocytogenes cells. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 58(9): 3177- 
                  3179. |  
                  |  |  
                  | 21. Singh, I and Virdi, J.S. (2011) Production of 
                  Yersiniastable toxin (YST) and distribution of ystgenes in 
                  biotype 1A strains of Yersinia enterocolitica. J. Med. 
                  Microbiol. 53:1065-1068. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/jmm.0.45527-0
 |  
                  |  |  
                  | 22. Balakrishna, K., Murali, H.S., Batra, H.V. (2010) Cloning, 
                  expression and characterization of attachment invasion locus 
                  protein (ail) of Y. enterocolitica and its utilization in 
                  rapid detection by immunoassays. Letters Appl. Microbiol. 50: 
                  131-137. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1472-765X.2009.02755.x
 PMid:20002570
 |  
                  |  |  
                  | 23. Bocher, S.B., Middendorf, H., Westh, A., Mellmann, K., 
                  Becker, R., Skov, R. and Friedrich, A.W. (2010) Semi- 
                  selective broth improves screening for methicillin-resistant 
                  Staphylococcus aureus.J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 65: 717– 720. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jac/dkq001
 PMid:20130023
 |  
                  |  |  
                  | 24. Khueankhancharoen, J and Thipayarat, A. (2011) Application 
                  of modified drop plate technique (MDPT) and logistic model to 
                  optimize non-selective substrates for Salmonella typhi 
                  resuscitation. Asian. J. Food Ag-Ind. 4(06): 349-358. |  |