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Research
(Published online:
10-02-2015)
5 .
Fungal biological control agents for integrated management of
Culicoides spp. (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) of livestock
- B. W. Narladkar, P. R. Shivpuje and P.
C. Harke
Veterinary World, 8(2): 156-163
doi:
10.14202/vetworld.2015.156-163
B. W.
Narladkar:
Department of Veterinary Parasitology, College of Veterinary and
Animal Sciences, Maharashtra Animal and Fishery Sciences
University, Parbhani, Maharashtra, India; babanar47@gmail.com
P. R.
Shivpuje:
Department of Agricultural Entomology, Marathwada Agricultural
University, Parbhani, Maharashtra, India; pralhadshivpuje@rediffmail.com
P. C.
Harke: Microbiology unit under DBT research Project,
Department of Veterinary Parasitology, College of Veterinary and
Animal Sciences, Maharashtra Animal and Fishery Sciences
University, Parbhani- Maharashtra, India;
p.harke@rediffmail.com
Received: 29-09-2014, Revised: 26-12-2014, Accepted: 02-01-2015, Published online:
10-02-2015
Corresponding author:
B. W. Narladkar, email: babanar47@gmail.com
Citation:
Narladkar BW,
Shivpuje PR, Harke PC (2015) Fungal biological control agents for
integrated management of Culicoides spp. (Diptera:
Ceratopogonidae) of livestock, Veterinary World 8(2):156-163.
Abstract
Aim:
Entomopathogenic fungi Metarhizium anisopliae and
Beauveria bassiana had wide host range against insects and
hence these are being exploited as fungal bio-pesticide on a large
scale. Both fungi are proved pesticides against many crop pests
and farmers are well acquainted with their use on the field. Thus,
research was aimed to explore the potency of these fungal spores
against larval and adult Culicoides midges, a pest of
livestock.
Materials and Methods: In-vitro testing of both fungal
biological control agents was undertaken in Petri dishes against
field collected Culicoides larvae, while in plastic beakers
against field collected blood-engorged female Culicoides
midges. In-vivo testing was undertaken by spraying
requisite concentration of fungal spores on the drainage channel
against larvae and resting sites of adult Culicoides midges
in the cattle shed. Lethal concentration 50 (LC 50)
values and regression equations were drawn by following probit
analysis using SPSS statistical computerized program.
Results: The results of this study revealed LC 50
values of 2692 mg and 3837 mg (108
cfu/g) for B. bassiana and M. anisopliae,
respectively, against Culicoides spp. larvae. Death of
Culicoides larvae due to B. bassiana showed greenish
coloration in the middle of the body with head and tail showed
intense blackish changes, while infection of M. anisopliae
resulted in death of Culicoides larvae with greenish and
blackish coloration of body along with total destruction, followed
by desquamation of intestinal channel. The death of adult
Culicoides midges were caused by both the fungi and after
death growth of fungus were very well observed on the dead
cadavers proving the efficacy of the fungus.
Conclusion: Preliminary trials with both
funguses (M. anisopliae, B. bassiana) showed encouraging
results against larvae and adults of Culicoides spp. Hence,
it was ascertained that, these two fungal molecules can form a
part of biological control and alternative to chemical control
and, therefore, can be inducted in integrated management programs.
Keywords: biocontrol agents, Beauveria
bassiana, Culicoides spp, integrated pest management,
Metarhizium anisopliae.
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