Open Access
Copyright: The authors. This article is an open access
article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0) which permits unrestricted use,
distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly
cited.
R esearch
(Published online:
17-06-2015)
7.
Evaluation of physiological and biochemical
responses in different seasons in Surti buffaloes -
Sandhya S. Chaudhary, Virendra Kumar Singh, Ramesh C. Upadhyay,
Gopal Puri, Arjun B. Odedara and Pankaj A. Patel
Veterinary World, 8(6): 727-731
doi:
10.14202/vetworld.2015.727-731
Sandhya
S. Chaudhary:
Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Vanbandhu
College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Navsari
Agricultural Univesrity, Navsari - 396 450, Gujarat, India;
sandhyachaudhary6@gmail.com
Virendra Kumar Singh:
Department of
Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Vanbandhu College of
Veterinary Science and Animal
Husbandry,
Navsari Agricultural Univesrity, Navsari - 396 450, Gujarat,
India; drvksingh1981@gmail.com
Ramesh
C. Upadhyay:
Division of Dairy Cattle Physiology, National Dairy Research
Institute, Karnal - 132 001, Haryana, India;
upadhyay.ramesh@gmail.com
Gopal
Puri: Department
of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Vanbandhu College of
Veterinary Science and Animal
Husbandry,
Navsari Agricultural Univesrity, Navsari - 396 450, Gujarat,
India; drgopalpuri@gmail.com
Arjun
B. Odedara:
Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Vanbandhu
College of Veterinary Science and Animal
Husbandry,
Navsari Agricultural Univesrity, Navsari - 396 450, Gujarat,
India; arjunodedra81@gmail.com
Pankaj
A. Patel: Department of Veterinary Physiology and
Biochemistry, Vanbandhu College of Veterinary Science and Animal
Husbandry,
Navsari Agricultural Univesrity, Navsari - 396 450, Gujarat,
India; gamitpankaj09@gmail.com
Received: 20-01-2015, Revised: 30-04-2015, Accepted: 05-05-2015,
Published online: 17-06-2015
Corresponding author:
Sandhya S. Chaudhary,
e-mail: sandhyachaudhary6@gmail.com
Citation:
Chaudhary SS, Singh VK,
Upadhyay RC, Puri G, Odedara AB, Patel PA (2015) Evaluation of
physiological and biochemical responses in different seasons in
Surti buffaloes, Veterinary World 8(6): 727-731.
Abstract
Aim:
This study was conducted to evaluate the impact of hot dry,
hot humid and comfortable season on physiological, hematological,
biochemical, and oxidative stress parameters in Surti buffaloes.
Materials and Methods: Ten lactating Surti buffaloes of
similar physiological status were selected. Based on the
temperature-humidity index (THI), their natural exposure to the
environment was categorized as hot dry (THI 1),
hot humid (THI2) and moderate winter/comfort
season (THI3). Blood/serum samples were
collected and analyzed for physiological, hematological,
biochemical, and oxidative stress parameters. The results were
analyzed using standard statistical methods.
Results: With increase in THI, significant rise in
physiological parameters such as respiration rate (RR),
hematological parameters such as red blood cell (RBC), hematocrit,
hemoglobin (Hb) and mean cell Hb concentration (MCHC), biochemical
parameters such as alanine aminotransferase (ALT), Na, K,
creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, Mn, Cu and Zn, hormones such as
cortisol and oxidative stress parameters such as glutathione
peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), lipid peroxide (LPO)
and total antioxidant status (TAS) and significant decline in
glucose, cholesterol and triiodothyronine (T 3)
was observed.
Conclusion: It was concluded that THI is a sensitive indicator
of heat stress and is impacted by ambient temperature more than
the relative humidity in buffaloes. Higher THI is associated with
significantly increased RR, total RBC count, Hb, hematocrit, MCHC,
ALT, urea, sodium, creatinine, triiodothyronine, SOD, GPx, LPO and
TAS and with significant decrease in glucose, cholesterol and
triiodothyronine (T 3).
Keywords: biochemical, heat stress,
physiological, surti buffalo, temperature humidity index.
References
|
1. Sunil, Kumar, B.V., Kumar, A. and Kataria, M. (2011) Effect
of heat stress in tropical livestock and different strategies
for its amelioration. J. Stress Physiol. Biochem., 7(1):
45-54. |
|
|
|
2. Ganaie, A.H., Shanker, G., Bumla, N.A., Ghasura, R.S., Mir,
N.A., Wani, S.A. and Dudhatra, G.B. (2013) Biochemical and
physiological changes during thermal stress in bovines. J.
Vet. Sci. Technol., 4(126): 126-132. |
|
|
3. Renaudeau, D., Collin, A., Yahav, S., De Basilio, V.,
Gourdine, J.L. and Collier, R.J. (2012) Adaptation to hot
climate and strategies to alleviate heat stress in livestock
production. Animal, 6(05): 707-728.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S1751731111002448
PMid:22558920 |
|
|
4. Mader, T.L., Davis, M.S. and Brown-Brand, T. (2006)
Environmental factors influencing heat stress in feedlot
cattle. J. Anim. Sci., 84: 712-719.
PMid:16478964 |
|
|
5. Paglia, D.E. and Valentine, W.N. (1967) Studies on the
quantitative and qualitative characterization of erythrocyte
glutathione peroxidase. J. Lab. Clin. Med., 70: 158-159.
PMid:6066618 |
|
|
6. Madesh, M. and Balasubramanian, K.A. (1998) Microtitre
plate assay for superoxidase dismutase using MTT reduction by
superoxide. Indian J. Biochem. Biophys., 35: 184-188.
PMid:9803669 |
|
|
7. Rehman, S.U. (1984) Lead induced regional lipid
peroxidation in brain. Toxicol. Lett., 21: 333-337.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-4274(84)90093-6 |
|
|
|
8. Miller, N.J., Rice-Evans, C. and Davies, M.J. (1993) A new
method for measuring antioxidant activity. Biochem. Soc.
Trans., 21: 95. |
|
|
|
9. Snedecor, G.W. and Cochran, W.G. (1980) Statistical
Methods. 7th ed. Iowa State University Press, Ames, Iowa, USA.
p593. |
|
|
10. Duncan, D.B. (1955) Multiple range and multiple 'F test'.
Biometrics, 11: 1-42.
http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3001478 |
|
|
|
11. Perez, J.H. (2000) Parameters for the determination and
evaluation of heat stress in dairy cattle in South Africa. J.
Vet. Res., 67: 263-271. |
|
|
12. Scharf, B., Carrol, J.A., Riley, D.G., Chase, C.C., Jr.
Coleman, S.W., Keilser, D.H., Werber, D.E. and Spiers, D.E.
(2010) Evaluation of physical and blood serum differences in
heat tolerant (Romosinuano) and heat susceptible (Angus) Bos
taurus cattle during controlled heat challenge. J. Anim. Sci.,
88: 2321-2336.
http://dx.doi.org/10.2527/jas.2009-2551
PMid:20190161 |
|
|
13. Wankar, A.K., Singh, G. and Yadav, B. (2014)
Thermoregulatory and adaptive responses of adult buffaloes
(Bubalus bubalis) during hyperthermia: Physiological,
behavioral, and metabolic approach. Vet. World, 7(10):
825-830.
http://dx.doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2014.825-830 |
|
|
|
14. Chandrabhan, Singh, S.V., Hooda, O.K., Upadhyay, R.C.,
Beenam and Vaidya, M. (2012). Influence of temperature
variability on physiological, hematological and biochemical
profile of growing and adult Sahiwal cattle. J. Environ. Res.
Dev., 7: 986-994. |
|
|
|
15. Gudev, D., Popova-Ralcheva, S., Moneva, P., Aleksiev, Y.,
Peeva, T., Penchev P. and Ilieva, I. (2007) Physiological
indices in buffaloes exposed to sun. Arch. Zootech., 10:
127-133. |
|
|
16. Singh, K. and Bhattacharyya, N.K. (1990)
Cardio-respiratory activity in Zebu and their F1 crosses with
European breeds of dairy cattle at different ambient
temperatures. Livest. Prod. Sci., 24: 119-128.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0301-6226(90)90072-E |
|
|
|
17. Koubkova, M., Knizkova, I., Kunc, P., Hartlova, H.,
Flusser, J. and Dolezal, O. (2002) Influence of high
environmental temperatures and evaporative cooling on some
physiological, haematological and biochemical parameters in
high-yielding dairy cows. Czech J. Anim. Sci., 47: 309-318. |
|
|
|
18. Omran, F.I., Ashour, G.H., Hassan, L.R., Shafie, M.M. and
Youssef, M.M. (2011a) Physiological responses and growth
performance of buffalo and Friesian calves under chronic
severe heat stress. In: Proceedings of the 4th Scientific
Conference of Animal Wealth Research in the Middle East and
North Africa, Foreign Agricultural Relations (FAR), Egypt.
Massive Conferences and Trade Fairs. p1-13. |
|
|
|
19. Toharmat, T., Nonaka, I., Shimizu, M., Batajoo, K.K. and
Kume, S. (1998) Effects of prepartum energy intake and calving
season on blood composition of periparturient cows.
Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci., 11(6): 739. |
|
|
20. Kumar, B. and Pauchaura, S.P. (2000) Haematological
profile of crossbred dairy cattle to monitor herd health
status at medium elevation in central Himalayas. Res. Vet.
Sci., 69: 141-145.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/rvsc.2000.0400
PMid:11020365 |
|
|
|
21. Omran, F.I., Ashour, G., Youssef, M.M. and Shafie M.M.
(2011b) Responses of hematology, blood metabolites, mineral
ions and hormonal profile to heat stress for Egyptian
buffalo-calves. Egypt. J. Agric. Res., 89(3): 1129-1138. |
|
|
|
22. Cincovic, M.R., Belic, B., Toholj, B., Potkonjak, A.,
Stevancevic, M., Lako, B. and Radovic, I. (2013) Metabolic
acclimation to heat stress in farm housed holstein cows with
different body condition scores. Afr. J. Biotechnol., 10(50):
10293-10303. |
|
|
|
23. Marai, I.F.M., Daader, A.M., Abdel-Samee, A.M. and
Ibrahim, H. (1997a) Winter and summer effects and their
amelioration on lactating Friesian and Holstein cows
maintained under Egyptian conditions. In: Proceedings of the
International Conference on Animal, Poultry, Rabbits and Fish
Production and Health, Cairo, Egypt. |
|
|
|
24. Marai, I.F.M., Daader, A.M., Abdel-Samee, A.M. and
Ibrahim, H. (1997b) Lactating Friesian and Holstein cows as
affected by heat stress and combination of amelioration
techniques under Egyptian conditions. In: Proceedings of the
International Conference on Animal, Poultry, Rabbits and Fish
Production and Health, Cairo, Egypt. |
|
|
25. Marai, I.F.M., Habeeb, A.A.M., Daader, A.H. and Yousef,
H.M. (1997c) Effects of diet supplementation and body cooling
on Friesian calves reared in high ambient temperature in the
Eastern Desert of Egypt. Trop. Anim. Health Prod., 4: 201-208.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02632305 |
|
|
|
26. Das, K., Singh, J., Singh, G. and Nayan, V. (2013) Effect
of heat stress alleviation on plasma protein, metabolites and
lipid profile in lactating Nili-Ravi buffaloes under tropical
climate. Indian J. Anim. Sci., 83(5): 86-89. |
|
|
|
27. Ronchi, B., Bernabucci, U., Lacetera, N., Verini, S.A. and
Nardone, A. (1999) Distinct and common effects of heat stress
and restricted feeding on metabolic status in Holstein
heifers. Zootec. Nutr. Anim., 25: 71-80. |
|
|
|
28. Ronchi, B., Bernabucci, U., Lacetera, N.G., Nardone, A.
and Bertoni, G. (1997) Effects of heat stress on
metabolic-nutrition status of Hostein cows. Zootec. Nutr.
Anim., 21: 209-221. |
|
|
29. Horowitz, M. (2001) Heat acclimation: Phenotypic
plasticity and cues to the underlying molecular mechanisms. J.
Therm. Biol., 26: 357-363.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0306-4565(01)00044-4 |
|
|
30. Bernabucci, U., Ronchi, B., Lacetera, N. and Nardone, A.
(2002) Markers of oxidative status in plasma and erythrocytes
of transition dairy cows during hot season. J. Dairy Sci., 85:
2173-2179.
http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(02)74296-3 |
|
|
|
31. Lallawmkimi, C.M. (2009) Impact of thermal stress and
vitamin-E supplementation on Heat shock protein 72 and
antioxidant enzymes in Murrah buffaloes. Ph. D. Thesis
National Dairy Research Institute (deemed University), Karnal,
India. |
|
|
32. Aengwanich, W., Kongbuntad, W. and Boonsorn, T. (2011)
Effects of shade on physiological changes, oxidative stress,
and total antioxidant power in Thai Brahman cattle. Int. J.
Biometeorol., 55: 741-748.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00484-010-0389-y
PMid:21128086 |
|
|
33. Celi, P. (2011) Biomarkers of oxidative stress in ruminant
medicine. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol., 33(2): 233-240.
http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/08923973.2010.514917
PMid:20849293 |
|
