Open Access
Review
(Published
online: 30-07-2016)
18.
Y-chromosomal genes affecting male
fertility: A review -
Jasdeep Kaur Dhanoa, Chandra Sekhar Mukhopadhyay and Jaspreet
Singh Arora
Veterinary World, 9(7): 783-791
doi:
10.14202/vetworld.2016.783-791
Jasdeep Kaur Dhanoa:
School of Animal Biotechnology, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and
Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana - 141 004, Punjab, India;
jasdeep7dhanoa@gmail.com
Chandra Sekhar Mukhopadhyay:
School of Animal Biotechnology, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and
Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana - 141 004, Punjab, India;
csmbioinfo@gmail.com
Jaspreet Singh Arora:
School of Animal Biotechnology, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and
Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana - 141 004, Punjab, India;
drarora2003@gmail.com
Received: 28-03-2016, Accepted: 23-06-2016, Published online:
30-07-2016
Corresponding author:
Chandra Sekhar Mukhopadhyay, e-mail: csmbioinfo@gmail.com
Citation:
Singh PP,
:
Dhanoa JK, Mukhopadhyay CS, Arora JS (2016) Y-chromosomal genes
affecting male fertility: A review,
Veterinary World, 9(7):
783-791.
Abstract
The mammalian sex-chromosomes (X and Y) have evolved from
autosomes and are involved in sex determination and reproductive
traits. The Y-chromosome is the smallest chromosome that
consists of 2-3% of the haploid genome and may contain between
70 and 200 genes. The Y-chromosome plays major role in male
fertility and is suitable to study the evolutionary relics,
speciation, and male infertility and/or subfertility due to its
unique features such as long non-recombining region, abundance
of repetitive sequences, and holandric inheritance pattern.
During evolution, many holandric genes were deleted. The current
review discusses the mammalian holandric genes and their
functions. The commonly encountered infertility and/or
subfertility problems due to point or gross mutation (deletion)
of the Y-chromosomal genes have also been discussed. For
example, loss or microdeletion of sex-determining region,
Y-linked gene results in XY males that exhibit female
characteristics, deletion of RNA binding motif, Y-encoded in
azoospermic factor b region results in the arrest of
spermatogenesis at meiosis. The holandric genes have been
covered for associating the mutations with male factor
infertility.
Keywords:
holandric genes, male fertility, microdeletion sex-chromosome,
spermatogenesis.
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