| 
              
              
              Open Access  
 
              
              
              
              Research 
              
              
(Published 
				online: 30-06-2016)  
              22. 
				
				
				Molecular characterization of exon 3 of 
				caprine myostatin gene in Marwari goat - 
				
				Jai Prakash Khichar, Gyan Chand Gahlot, Vijay Kumar Agrawal, 
				Kiran, Ajay Singh Dewna, Prakash and Mohammad Ashraf 
              
              Veterinary World, 9(6): 676-679   
              
   
                
                
doi: 
              
				
				10.14202/vetworld.2016.676-679 
                
				  
				
				Jai Prakash Khichar: 
				
				Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Department of Animal Genetics and 
				Breeding, College of Veterinary & Animal Science, Rajasthan 
				University of Veterinary and Animal Science, Bikaner, Rajasthan, 
				India; Jai4me007@gmail.com 
				
				Gyan Chand Gahlot: 
				
				Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Department of Animal Genetics and 
				Breeding, College of Veterinary & Animal Science, Rajasthan 
				University of Veterinary and Animal Science, Bikaner, Rajasthan, 
				India; Gahlotgcbkn@rediffmail.com 
				
				Vijay Kumar Agrawal: 
				
				Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Department of Animal Genetics and 
				Breeding, College of Veterinary & Animal Science, Rajasthan 
				University of Veterinary and Animal Science, Bikaner, Rajasthan, 
				India; drsonalvet@rediffmail.com 
				
				Kiran: 
				
				Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Ethics and 
				Jurisprudence, College of Veterinary and Animal Science, Bikaner, 
				Rajasthan, India; dr.kiranbeniwal@gmail.com 
				
				Ajay Singh Dewna: 
				
				Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Department of Animal Genetics and 
				Breeding, College of Veterinary & Animal Science, Rajasthan 
				University of Veterinary and Animal Science, Bikaner, Rajasthan, 
				India; ajaydewna@gmail.com 
				
				Prakash: 
				
				Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Department of Animal Genetics and 
				Breeding, College of Veterinary & Animal Science, Rajasthan 
				University of Veterinary and Animal Science, Bikaner, Rajasthan, 
				India; drprakashjangu@gmail.com 
				
				Mohammad Ashraf 
				
				Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Department of Animal Genetics and 
				Breeding, College of Veterinary & Animal Science, Rajasthan 
				University of Veterinary and Animal Science, Bikaner, Rajasthan, 
				India; aicrp@rediffmail.com   
				
				Received: 01-02-2016, Accepted: 30-05-2016, Published online: 
				30-06-2016   
				
              	
              	Corresponding author: 
              	
				
				Jai Prakash Khichar, e-mail: Jai4me007@gmail.com 
 
              Citation: 
				
				Khichar JP, Gahlot GC, Agrawal VK, Kiran, Dewna AS, Prakash, 
				Ashraf M (2016) Molecular characterization of exon 3 of caprine 
				myostatin gene in Marwari goat, 
				
				Veterinary World, 9(6): 
				676-679. 
 
              
				Abstract 
 
				
				
				Aim: 
				
				To estimate genetic variability in exon 3 of caprine myostatin 
				gene in Marwari goats. 
				
				
				Materials and Methods: 
				
				A total of 120 blood samples from unrelated Marwari goats were 
				randomly collected from different villages of Bikaner 
				(Rajasthan), India. Genomic DNA was extracted from whole blood 
				using blood DNA isolation kit (Himedia Ltd.) as per 
				manufacturer’s protocol. The quality of extracted genomic DNA 
				was checked on 0.8% agarose gel. Specifically designed a primer 
				set for caprine myostatin (MSTN) 
				gene (Genebank accession no. DQ167575) was used to amplify the 
				exon 3 region of 
				
				MSTN 
				
				gene in Marwari goat. The genetic variability in exon 3 of
				
				
				MSTN 
				
				gene in Marwari goat was assessed on 8% polyacrylamide gel 
				electrophoresis to detect single strand conformation 
				polymorphism (SSCP) pattern. 
				
				
				Results: 
				
				The exon 3 of 
				
				MSTN 
				
				gene in Marwari goat showed two types of conformation patterns 
				on 8% polyacrylamide gel. One of the patterns showed only two 
				bands and was considered as genotype AA, whereas another pattern 
				having an extra band was designated as genotype AB. The 
				frequencies of AA and AB genotype for exon 3 region of 
				
				
				MSTN 
				
				gene were calculated as 0.90 and 0.10, respectively. 
				
				
				Conclusion: 
				
				Low level of polymorphism was observed at exon 3 region of
				
				
				MSTN 
				
				gene in Marwari goat through SSCP analysis. This information 
				could be utilized in future breeding plan to exploit the unique 
				characteristics of Marwari goat of Rajasthan. 
				
				Keywords: 
				
				exon 3, Marwari goat, myostatin gene, polymerase chain 
				reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism. 
 
              References 
 
				
					| 1. Rohilla, P.P. and Patel, A.K. (2003) Marwari goat breed 
					of Rajasthan. Indian J. Anim. Sci., 73: 705-709. |  
					|  |  
					| 2. Zhang, C., Liu, Y., Xu, D. and Wen, Q. (2012) 
					Polymorphisms of myostatin gene (MSTN) in four goat breeds 
					and their effects on Boer goat growth performance. Mol. 
					Biol. Rep., 39: 3081-3087. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11033-011-1071-0
 PMid:21710248
 |  
					|  |  
					| 3. Bellinge, R.H., Liberles, D.A., Iaschi, S.P. and O'Brien, 
					P.A. (2005) Myostatin and its implications on animal 
					breeding: A review. Anim. Genet., 36: 1-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2052.2004.01229.x
 PMid:15670124
 |  
					|  |  
					| 4. Jin, X.Y. (2011) Cloning and bioinformatics analysis on 
					myostatin (MSTN) gene of goat. China Anim. Husband Vet. 
					Med., 38: 111-114. |  
					|  |  
					| 5. Chen, T.T. (2008) Polymorphisms of MSTN, IGFBP-3 gene and 
					the related research with growth performance of Tian Fu 
					goat, Sichuan agricultural university, Ya'an. Asian J. Anim. 
					Vet. Adv., 7: 802-811. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/ajava.2012.802.811
 |  
					|  |  
					| 6. Grisolia, A.B., D'Angelo, G.T., PortoNeto, L.R. and 
					Siqueira, F. (2009) Myostatin (GDF8) single nucleotide 
					polymorphisms in Nellore cattle. Genet. Mol. Res., 8: 
					822-830. http://dx.doi.org/10.4238/vol8-3gmr548
 PMid:19731204
 |  
					|  |  
					| 7. Walsh, F.S. and Celeste, A.J. (2005) Myostatin: A 
					modulator of skeletal-muscle stem cells. Biochem. Soc. 
					Trans., 33: 1513-1517. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/BST0331513
 PMid:16246158
 |  
					|  |  
					| 8. Fan, B., Lkhagvadorj, S., Cai, W. and Young, J. (2010) 
					Identification of genetic markers associated with residual 
					feed intake and meat quality traits in the pig. Meat Sci., 
					84: 645-650. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.meatsci.2009.10.025
 PMid:20374837
 |  
					|  |  
					| 9. Boman, I.A., Klemsetsdal, G., Blichfeldt, T. and Nafstad, 
					O. (2009) A frame shift mutation in the coding region of the 
					myostatin gene (MSTN) affects carcass conformation and 
					fatness in Norwegian white sheep (Ovisaries). Anim. Genet., 
					40: 418-422. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2052.2009.01855.x
 PMid:19392824
 |  
					|  |  
					| 10. Liu, Z.T., Li, X.L., Gong, Y.F. and Jin, X.M. (2006) 
					Relationship between polymorphism of goat MSTN gene intron 2 
					and body weight. Acta Vet. Zootech. Sin., 37: 745-748. |  
					|  |  
					| 11. Orita, M., Iwahana, H., Kanazawa, H., Hayashi, K. and 
					Sekiya, T. (1989) Detection of polymorphisms of human DNA by 
					gel electrophoresis as single-strand conformation 
					polymorphisms. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA., 86: 2766-2770. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.86.8.2766
 PMid:2565038 PMCid:PMC286999
 |  
					|  |  
					| 12. Li, M., Li, Y., Lu, L., Wang, X., Gong, Q. and Duan, C. 
					(2009) Structural, gene expression, and functional analysis 
					of the fugu (Takifugurubripes) insulin-like growth factor 
					binding protein-4 gene. Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. 
					Physiol., 296: R558-R566. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.90439.2008
 PMid:19091910
 |  
					|  |  
					| 13. Gelderman, H. (1997) Investigations on inheritance of 
					quantitative characters in animals by gene markers. Methods 
					Theoret. Appl. Genet., 46: 319-330. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00281673
 PMid:24420173
 |  
					|  |  
					| 14. Lande, R. (1981) The minimum number of gene contributing 
					to qualitative variation between and within populations. 
					Gene, 99: 541-553. |  
					|  |  
					| 15. Lee, S.J. and McPherron, A.C. (1999) Myostatin and the 
					control of skeletal muscle mass. Curr. Opin. Genet. Dev., 9: 
					604-607. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0959-437X(99)00004-0
 |  
					|  |  
					| 16. Thomas, M., Langley, B., Berry, C., Sharma, M., Kirk, 
					S., Bass, J. and Kambadur, R. (2000) Myostatin, a negative 
					regulator of muscle growth, functions by inhibiting myoblast 
					proliferation. J. Biol. Chem., 275: 40235-40245. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M004356200
 PMid:10976104
 |  
					|  |  
					| 17. Wiener, P., Woolliams, J.A., Frank-Lawale, A., Ryan, M., 
					Richardson, R.I., Nute, G.R., Wood, J.D., Homer, D. and 
					Williams, J.L. (2009) The effects of a mutation in the 
					myostatin gene on meat and carcass quality. Meat. Sci., 83: 
					127-134. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.meatsci.2009.04.010
 PMid:20416780
 |  
					|  |  
					| 18. Shibata, M., Ohshima, K., Kojima, T., Muramoto, T., 
					Matsumoto, K., Komatsu, M., Aikawa, K., Fujimura, S. and 
					Kadowaki, M. (2003) Nucleotide sequence of myostatin gene 
					and its developmental expression in skeletal muscles of 
					Japanese black beef. J. Amin. Sci., 74: 383-390. |  
					|  |  
					| 19. Lin, J., Arnold, B., Della-Fera, M.A., Azain, M.J., 
					Hartzell, D.L. and Baile, C.A. (2002) Myostatin knockout in 
					mice increases myogenesis and decreases adipogenesis. 
					Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 290: 701-706. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/bbrc.2002.6500
 PMid:11855847
 |  
					|  |  
					| 20. Joulia, D., Bernardi, H., Garandel, V., Rabenoelina, F., 
					Vernus, B. and Cabello, G. (2003) Mechanisms involved in the 
					inhibition of myoblast proliferation and differentiation by 
					myostatin. Exp. Cell Res., 286: 263-275. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0014-4827(03)00074-0
 |  
					|  |  
					| 21. Rebbapragada, A., Benchabane, H., Wrana, J.L., Celeste, 
					A.J. and Attisano, L. (2003) Myostatin signals through a 
					transforming growth factor β-like signaling pathway to block 
					adipogenesis. Mol. Cell Biol., 23: 7230-7242. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/MCB.23.20.7230-7242.2003
 PMid:14517293 PMCid:PMC230332
 |  
					|  |  
					| 22. Wagner, K.R., Liu, X., Chang, X. and Allen, R.E. (2005) 
					Muscle regeneration in the prolonged absence of myostatin. 
					Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci., 102: 2519-2524. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0408729102
 PMid:15699335 PMCid:PMC548322
 |  
					|  |  
					| 23. Casas, E., Keele, J.W., Fahrenkrug, S.C., Smith, T.P.L., 
					Cundiff, L.V. and Stone, R.T. (1999) Quantitative analysis 
					of birth, weaning, and yearling weights and calving 
					difficulty in piedmontese crossbreds segregating an inactive 
					myostatin allele. J. Anim. Sci., 77: 1686-1692. PMid:10438013
 |  
					|  |  
					| 24. Kambadur, R., Sharma, M., Smith, T.P.L. and Bass, J.J. 
					(1997) Mutations in myostatin (GDF8) in double-muscled 
					belgian blue and piedmontese cattle. Genome Res., 7: 
					910-915. PMid:9314496
 |  
					|  |  
					| 25. Hadjipavlou, G., Matika, O., Clop, A. and Bishop, S.C. 
					(2008) Two single nucleotide polymorphisms in the myostatin 
					(GDF8) gene have significant association with muscle depth 
					of commercial charollais sheep. Doi: 
					10.1111/j.1365-2052.2008.01734. |  
					|  |  
					| 26. Zhang, Z.J., Ling, Y.H., Wang, L.J., Hang, Y.F., Guo, 
					X.F., Zhang, Y.H., Dingand, J.P. and Zhang, X.R. (2013) 
					Polymorphisms of the myostatin gene (MSTN) and its 
					relationship with growth traits in goat breeds. Genet. Mol. 
					Res., 12(2): 965-971. http://dx.doi.org/10.4238/2013.April.2.12
 PMid:23613242
 |  
					|  |  
					| 27. An, X.P., Wang, J.G., Hou, J.X., Zhao, H.B., Bai, L., 
					Li, G., Wang, L.X., Liu, X.Q., Xiao, W.P., Song, Y.X. and 
					Cao, B.Y. (2011) Polymorphism identification in the goat 
					MSTN gene and association analysis with growth traits. Czech 
					J. Anim. Sci., 56(12): 529-535. |  
					|  |  
					| 28. Soufy, B., Mohammad, A., Shojaeian, M.R., Baghizadeh, 
					K., Ferasaty, A., Askari, S.N. and Dayani, O. (2009) 
					Evaluation of myostatin gene polymorphism in Sanjabi sheep 
					by PCR-RFLP method. Anim. Sci. Res. Tabriz Univ., 19(1): 
					81-89. |  
					|  |  
					| 29. Dehnavi, E., Azari, A.M., Hasani, S., Nassiry, M.R., 
					Mohajer, M., Khan, A.A., Shah, M.L. and Yousefi, S. (2012) 
					Polymorphism of myostatin gene in intron 1, 2 and exon 3 and 
					their associations with yearling weight using PCR-RFLP and 
					PCR-SSCP techniques in Zel sheep. Biotechnol. Res. Int., 
					2012: 1-5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/472307
 PMid:22778968 PMCid:PMC3388318
 |  |