Open Access
Research
(Published
online: 09-09-2016)
5.
Screening of antibiotics and
chemical analysis of penicillin residue in fresh milk and
traditional dairy products in Oyo state, Nigeria -
Isaac Olufemi Olatoye, Oluwayemisi Folashade Daniel
and Sunday Ayobami Ishola
Veterinary World, 9(9): 948-954
doi:
10.14202/vetworld.2016.948-954
Isaac Olufemi Olatoye :
Pathogenomic and
Proteomic Laboratory, Paul Allen School for Global Animal
Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State
University, Pullman, Washington, USA; Department of Veterinary
Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ibadan,
Ibadan, Nigeria; olatoye@vetmed.wsu.edu
Oluwayemisi Folashade Daniel :
Department of
Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of
Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; folashadedaniels@gmail.com
Sunday Ayobami Ishola :
Analytical
Laboratory, Nigerian Institute of Science Laboratory Technology,
Ibadan, Nigeria; Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and
Science, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA;
techjoyadisco@yahoo.com
Received: 07-04-2016, Accepted: 26-07-2016, Published online:
09-09-2016
Corresponding author:
Isaac
Olufemi Olatoye, e-mail: olatoye@vetmed.wsu.edu
Citation:
Olatoye IO, Daniel OF, Ishola SA (2016) Screening of antibiotics
and chemical analysis of penicillin residue in fresh milk and
traditional dairy products in Oyo state, Nigeria, Veterinary
World, 9(9): 948-954.
Abstract
Background and
Aim:
There are global public health and economic concerns on chemical
residues in food of animal origin. The use of antibiotics in
dairy cattle for the treatment of diseases such as mastitis has
contributed to the presence of residues in dairy products.
Penicillin residues as low as 1 ppb can lead to allergic
reactions and shift of resistance patterns in microbial
population as well as interfere with the processing of several
dairy products. Antibiotic monitoring is an essential quality
control measure in safe milk production. This study was aimed at
determining antibiotic residue contamination and the level of
penicillin in dairy products from Fulani cattle herds in Oyo
State.
Materials and
Methods:
The presence of
antibiotic residues in 328 samples of fresh milk, 180 local
cheese (wara), and 90 fermented milk (nono) from Southwest,
Nigeria were determined using Premi®
test kit (R-Biopharm AG, Germany) followed by
high-performance liquid chromatography analysis of penicillin-G
residue.
Results:
Antibiotic residues were obtained in 40.8%, 24.4% and 62.3%
fresh milk, wara and nono, respectively. Penicillin-G residue
was also detected in 41.1% fresh milk, 40.2% nono and 24.4% wara
at mean concentrations of 15.22±0.61, 8.24±0.50 and 7.6±0.60 μg/L
with 39.3%, 36.7% and 21.1%, respectively, containing penicillin
residue above recommended Codex maximum residue limit (MRL) of 5
μg/L in dairy. There was no significant difference between the
mean penicillin residues in all the dairy products in this
study.
Conclusion:
The
results are of food safety concern since the bulk of the samples
and substantial quantities of dairy products in Oyo state
contained violative levels of antibiotic residues including
penicillin residues in concentrations above the MRL. This could
be due to indiscriminate and unregulated administration of
antibiotics to dairy cattle. Regulatory control of antibiotic
use, rapid screening of milk and dairy farmers’ extension
education on alternatives to antibiotic prophylaxis, veterinary
prescriptions and withdrawal periods are recommended to prevent
residues.
Keywords:
milk and milk products, Oyo state, penicillin residues, public
health.
References
|
1. Osotimehin, K.O., Tijani, A.A. and Olukomogbon, E.O.
(2006) An economic analysis of small scale dairy milk
processing in Kogi State, Nigeria. Livest. Res. Rural Dev.,
18(11). Available from: http://www.lrrd.org/lrrd18/11/osot18157.htm.
Accessed on 02-04-2016. |
|
|
2. Wu, G. (2010) Functional amino acids in growth,
reproduction, and health. Adv. Nutr., 1: 31-37.
http://dx.doi.org/10.3945/an.110.1008
PMid:22043449 PMCid:PMC3042786 |
|
|
|
3. Iro, I. (2011) The Fulani Milk Maid and Problems of
Dairying in Nigeria. Available from:
http://www.gamji.com.fulani11.htm. Accessed on 10-02-2015. |
|
|
|
4. Foramfera. (2012) Milk production in Nigeria; the
opportunities. Available from: http://www.foramfera.com/. .
Accessed on 10-05-2016 |
|
|
|
5. Olatoye, I.O. and Ogundipe, G.A.T. (2013) Quantitative
analysis of oxytetracycline residue in beef and chicken meat
from cities of southwest Nigeria. Bull. Anim. Health Prod.
Afr., 61: 39-48. |
|
|
6. Diarra, M.S. and Malouin, F. (2014) Antibiotics in
Canadian poultry productions and anticipated alternatives.
Front. Microbiol., 5: 282-291.
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2014.00282
PMid:24987390 PMCid:PMC4060556 |
|
|
|
7. Padol, A.R., Malapure, C.D., Domple, V.D. and Kamdi, B.P.
(2015) Occurrence, public health implications and detection
of antibacterial drug residues in cow milk. Environ. We Int.
J. Sci. Technol., 10: 7-28. |
|
|
8. Nisha, A.R. (2008) Antibiotics residues - A global health
hazard. Vet. World, 1(12): 375-377.
http://dx.doi.org/10.5455/vetworld.2008.375-377 |
|
|
9. Salkind, A.R., Cuddy, P.G. and Foxworth, J.W. (2001) Is
this patient allergic to penicillin? An evidence-based
analysis of the likelihood of penicillin allergy. J. Am.
Med. Assoc., 285: 2498-2505.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.285.19.2498
PMid:11368703 |
|
|
10. Dewdney, J.M. and Edwards, R.G. (1984) Penicillin
hypersensitivity is milk a significant hazard? A review. J R
Soc. Med., 77(10): 866-877.
PMid:6208359 PMCid:PMC1440262 |
|
|
11. Samanidou, V.F., Nisyriou, S.A. and Papadoyannis, I.N.
(2007) Residue analysis of penicillins in food products of
animal origin by HPLC: A review. J. Liq. Chromatogr. Relat.
Technol., 30: 1145-1204.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10826070701274320 |
|
|
|
12. Olson, J.C. and Sanders, A.C. (1975) Penicillin in milk
and milk products: Some regulatory and public health
considerations. J. Milk Food Technol., 10: 570-633. |
|
|
13. Darwish, W.S., Eldaly, E.A., El-Abbasy, M.T., Ikenaka,
Y., Nakayama, S. and Ishizuka, M. (2013) Antibiotic residues
in food: The African scenario. Jpn. J. Vet. Res., 61:
S13-S22.
PMid:23631148 |
|
|
|
14. CAC/GL, CAC. (2009) Codex Alimentarius Commission
Maximum Residue Limits for Veterinary Drugs in Foods.
Updated as at the 32nd Session of the Codex Alimentarius
Commission, (July 2009), CAC/MRL 02-2009. p1-36. |
|
|
15. Shaikh, B. and Moats, W.A. (1993) Liquid-chromatographic
analysis of antibacterial drug residues in food-products of
animal origin. J. Chromatogr., 643: 369-378.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0021-9673(93)80573-Q |
|
|
|
16. Adetunji, V.O. and Olaoye, O.O. (2012) Detection of
β-lactam antibiotics (penicillin and amoxicillin) residues
in goat milk. Nat. Sci., 10: 60-64. |
|
|
17. Aning, K.G., Donkor, E.S., Omore, A., Nurah, G.K.,
Osafo, E.L. and Staal, S. (2007) Risk of exposure to
marketed milk with antimicrobial drug residues in Ghana.
Open Food Sci. J., 1: 1-5.
http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874256400701010001 |
|
|
18. Fonseca, G.P., Cruz, A.G., Faria, J.A., Silva, R., Moura,
M.R.L. and Carvalho, L.M.J. (2009) Antibiotic residues in
Brazilian UHT milk: A screening study. Cien. Technol.
Aliment Camp., 29(2): 451-453.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0101-20612009000200035 |
|
|
19. Yamaki, M., Berruga, M.I., Althas, R.L., Molina, M.P.
and Molina, A. (2004) Occurrence of antibiotic residues in
milk from manchega ewe dairy farms. J. Dairy Sci., 87(10):
3132-3137.
http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(04)73448-7 |
|
|
20. Zorraquino, M.A., Althaus, R.L., Roca, M. and Molina,
M.P. (2011) Heat treatment effects on the antimicrobial
activity of macrolide and lincosamide antibiotics in milk.
J. Food Prot., 74(2): 311-315.
http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-10-297
PMid:21333154 |
|
|
21. Ghidini, S.M., Zanardi, E., Varisco, G. and Chizzolini,
R. (2003) Residues of ß - Lactam antibiotics in bovine milk:
Confirmatory analysis by liquid chromatography tends mass
spectrometry after microbial assay screening. Food Addit.
Contam., 20: 528-534.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0265203031000098696
PMid:12881125 |
|
|
22. Khaskheli, M., Malik, R.S., Arain, M.A., Soomro, A.H.
and Arain, H.H. (2008) Detection of β-lactam antibiotic
residues in marketed residues. Pak. J. Nutr., 7(5): 682-685.
http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/pjn.2008.682.685 |
|
|
23. Addo, K.K., Mensah, G.I., Aning, K.G., Nartey, N., Nipah,
G.K., Bonsu, C., Akyeh, M.L. and Smits, H.L. (2011)
Microbiological quality and antibiotic residues in
informally marketed raw cow milk within the coastal savannah
zone of Ghana. Trop. M ed. Int. Health, 16(2): 227-232.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3156.2010.02666.x
PMid:21070512 |
|
