Aim: The aim of this study was to detect specific immunoglobulin (Ig) that could be used to determine monoclonal antibody in conjugate-making an effort for the indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) diagnostic kit of toxocariasis in human.

Materials and Methods: The study was conducted to assess the Ig profile, based on ELISA-isotyping, in mice infected with second stage larvae eggs of Toxocara cati. The optical density values of anti-T. cati mice serum IgG subclasses were analyzed by applying ANOVA factorial.

Results: The specific IgG subclass in mice infected with T. cati mice was found to be IgG2β.

Conclusion: Subclass of IgG, especially IgG2β, can provide leads about the use of the monoclonal antibody in conjugate making an effort for the indirect ELISA diagnostic kit.

Keywords: diagnostic kit, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, human, immunoglobulin G subclass, monoclonal antibody, toxocariasis, Toxocara cati.

1. Ligier, M.W., Gesicka, T.W., Dryjanska, J.S., Jozwiak, A.M. and Wieczorek, M. (2012) Analysis of the course and treatment of toxocariasis in children-a long-term observation. Parasitol. Res., 110(6): 2363-2371. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC]

2. Carvalho, E.A. and and Rocha, R.L. (2011) Toxocariasis: Visceral larva migrans in children. J. Pediatr. Rio J., 87(2): 100-110. [Crossref]

3. Ahn, S.J., Woo, S.J., Jin, Y., Chang, Y.S., Kim, T.W., Ahn, J., Heo, J.W., Yu, H.G., Chung, H. and Park, K.H. (2014) Clinical features and course of ocular toxocariasis in adults. PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis., 8(6): e2938. [Crossref]

4. Berenji, F., Pouryousef, A., Fata, A., Mahmoudi, M., Salehi, M. and Khoshnegah, J. (2016) Seroepidemiological study of toxocariasis in the owners of domestic cats and dogs in Mashhad, Northeastern Iran. Iran J. Parasitol., 11(2): 265-268. [PubMed] [PMC]

5. Kusnoto. (2003) Molecular Characterization of Protein of Toxocara cati and Toxocara canis to Diagnostic Development of Toxocariasis, Thesis, Universitas Airlangga, Indonesian.

6. Koesdarto, S., Uga, S., Machfudz, S.S., Mumpuni, S., Kusnoto. and Puspitawati, H. (2000) Prevalence of Toxocara vitulorum in dairy cows in Surabaya, Indonesia. Jpn. J. Parasitol, 39(5): 500502.

7. Beer, S.A., Novosil'tsev, G.I. and Mel'nikova, L.I. (1999) The role of water factor in the dissemination of Toxocara eggs and the spread of toxocariasis in a megalopolis. Abstract. Parazitologiia, 33(2): 129-135. [PubMed]

8. Kilpatrick, M.E. (1992) Toxocariasis. In: Tropical Medicine. 7th ed. W.B. Saunders Company, London. p761-764.

9. Humbert, P., Niezborala, M., Salembier, R., Aubin, F., Piarroux, R., Buchet, S. and Barale, T. (2000) Skin manifestations associated with toxocariasis: A case-control study. Dermatology, 201(3): 230-234. [Crossref] [PubMed]

10. Hubner, J., Uhlikova, M. and Leissova, M. (2001) Diagnosis of the early phase of larval toxocariasis using IgG avidity. Epidemiol. Mikrobiol. Imunol., 50(2): 67-70. [PubMed]

11. Havasiova, R.K, Tomasovicova, O. and Dubinsky, P. (1995) Effect of various doses of infective Toxocara canis and Toxocara cati eggs on humoral response and distribution of larvae in mice. Parasitol. Res., 81(1): 13-17. [Crossref]

12. Dattoli, V.C., Freire, S.M., Mendonca, L.R., Santos, P.C., Meyer, R. and Alcantara, N.M. (2011) Toxocara canis infection is associated with eosinophilin and tota IgE in blood donors from a large Brazilian centre. Trop. Med. Int. Health, 16(4): 514-713. [Crossref] [PubMed]

13. Jin, Y., Shen, C., Huh, S., Sohn, W.M., Choi, M.H. and Hong, S.T. (2013) Serodiagnosis of toxocariasis by ELISA using crude antigen of Toxocara canis Larvae. Korean J. Parasitol., 51(4): 433-439. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC]

14. Koga, K., Kasuya, S., Handa, Y., Keawvichit, R., Wongworapat, K., Khamboonruang, C. and Ohtomo, H. (1992) Agar plate method, a new stool examination method for the diagnosis of strongyloidiasis: Field applicability and sensitivity. J. Parasitol., 78(1): 155-156. [PubMed]

15. Rite, D. (1996) Larval Development Assay: A Product of Csiroreseach. Horizon Technology Pvt. Limited, Roseville, Australia.

16. Soulsby, E.J.L. (1989) Toxocariasis. Brit. Vet. J., 139: 471-475.

17. Abbas, A.K., Lichtman, A.H. and Pober, J.S. (2000) Cellular and Mollecular Immunology. 4th ed. Saunders Company, Philadelphia, PA.

18. Nicholas, W.L., Stewart, A.C. and Mitchell, G.F. (1984) Antibody responses to Toxocara canis using sera from parasite-infected mice and protection from toxocariasis by immunisation with ES antigens. Aust. J. Exp. Biol. Med. Sci., 62(5): 619-626. [PubMed]

19. Maizels, R.M., Tetteh, K.K.A. and Loukas, A. (2000) Toxocara canis: Gene expressed by the arrested infective larval stage of a parasitic nematode. Int. J. Parasitol., 30: 495-508. [PubMed]

20. Maizels, R.M. (2013) Toxocara canis: Molecular basis of immune recognition and evasion. J. Vet. Parasitol., 193(4): 365-374. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC]