A retrospective study of bovine tuberculosis at the municipal abattoir of Bauchi State, Northeastern Nigeria

Research (Published online: 10-05-2018)

5. A retrospective study of bovine tuberculosis at the municipal abattoir of Bauchi State, Northeastern Nigeria

Saleh Mohammed Jajere, Naphtali Nayamanda Atsanda, Asinamai Athliamai Bitrus, Tasiu Mallam Hamisu and Mohammed Dauda Goni

Veterinary World, 11(5): 598-605

Saleh Mohammed Jajere: Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maiduguri, P.M.B. 1069, Maiduguri, Borno, Nigeria.

Naphtali Nayamanda Atsanda: Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maiduguri, P.M.B. 1069, Maiduguri, Borno, Nigeria.

Asinamai Athliamai Bitrus: Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Research Unit in Microbial Food Safety and Antimicrobial Resistance, Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.

Tasiu Mallam Hamisu: Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maiduguri, P.M.B. 1069 Maiduguri, Borno, Nigeria.

Mohammed Dauda Goni: Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.

doi: 10.14202/vetworld.2018.598-605

Share this article on [Facebook] [LinkedIn]

Article history: Received: 26-02-2018, Accepted: 03-04-2018, Published online: 10-05-2018

Corresponding author: Saleh Mohammed Jajere

E-mail: drmsjajere@unimaid.edu.ng

Citation: Jajere SM, Atsanda NN, Bitrus AA, Hamisu TM, Goni MD (2018) A retrospective study of bovine tuberculosis at the municipal abattoir of Bauchi state, Northeastern Nigeria, Veterinary World, 11(5): 598-605.

Abstract

Background and Aim: Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) still remains a major zoonotic bacterial disease affecting livestock and humans worldwide. The disease remains a poorly managed tropical disease in most developing countries of the world; where in addition to productivity losses and significance in international trade, it posed a major public health threat to both humans and animals. A retrospective study was designed to investigate the occurrence of bTB lesions at Bauchi municipal abattoir.

Materials and Methods: The study utilized abattoir records spanning a period of 10 years (2004-2013). The records indicated that a total of 1,08,638 heads of cattle comprising n = 56,070 males and n = 52,570 females were slaughtered at the municipal abattoir during the study period.

Results: Of these heads, n = 1230 (1.13%) (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.07, 1.19) had tuberculous lesions. The annual occurrence during the study period varied significantly (p<0.001) from 0.53% (95% CI: 0.40, 0.67) to 1.87% (95% CI: 1.66, 2.10) in 2010 and 2012, respectively. Females had a significantly higher (p<0.001) prevalence of 2.10% (95% CI: 1.98, 2.23) compared with the males 0.23% (95% CI: 0.19, 0.27). The distribution of suspected gross bTB lesions in different organs showed 11.87% in the lungs, 5.93% in the liver, 1.14% in the heart, and 0.49% accounted for generalized bTB. However, none was observed on the lymph nodes and intestines.

Conclusion: It can be concluded that bTB persists in Bauchi State with annual variations during the study period. This study highlights the importance of meat inspection as an important tool for detecting the presence of bTB lesions.

Keywords: Bauchi, bovine tuberculosis, Mycobacterium bovis, prevalence, retrospective.

References

1. Vordermeier, M., Ameni, G., Berg, S., Bishop, R., Robertson, B.D., Aseffa, A., Hewinson, R.G. and Young, D.B. (2012) The influence of cattle breed on susceptibility to bovine tuberculosis in Ethiopia. Comparat. Immunol. Microbiol. Infect. Dis., 35: 227-232. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC]

2. Cosivi, O., Grange, J.M., Daborn, C.J., Raviglione, M.C., Fujikura, T., Cousins, D., Robinson, R.A., Huchzermeyer, H.F., De Kantor, I. and Meslin, F.X. (1998) Zoonotic tuberculosis due to Mycobacterium bovis in developing countries. Emerg. Infect. Dis., 4: 59. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC]

3. Biu, A. (2004) Chorioptic mange infestation in cattle in Borno State, Nigeria. Pak. Vet. J., 24: 155-156.

4. OIE. (2018) OIE-Listed Diseases, Infections and Infestation in Force in 2018. http://www.oie.int/animal-health-in-the-world/oie-listed-diseases-2018/. Accessed on 26-03-2018.

5. Regassa, A., Medhin, G. and Ameni, G. (2008) Bovine tuberculosis is more prevalent in cattle owned by farmers with active tuberculosis in central Ethiopia. Vet. J., 178: 119-125. [Crossref] [PubMed]

6. O'Hagan, M.J.H., Matthews, D.I., Laird, C. and McDowell, S.W.J. (2016) Farmers' beliefs about bovine tuberculosis control in Northern Ireland. Vet. J., 212: 22-26. [Crossref] [PubMed]

7. Saidu, A.S., Mohammed, S., Ashafa, M., Gashua, M.M., Mahre, M.B. and Maigado, A.I. (2017) Retrospective study of bovine tuberculosis in Gombe township abattoir, Northeastern Nigeria. Intl. J. Vet. Sci. Med., 5: 65-69. [Crossref]

8. Ayele, W.Y., Neill, S.D., Zinsstag, J., Weiss, M.G. and Pavlik, I. (2004) Bovine tuberculosis: An old disease but a new threat to Africa. Intl. J. Tuberc. Lung Dis., 8: 924-937. [PubMed]

9. Doyle, L.P., Gordon, A.W., Abernethy, D.A. and Stevens, K. (2014) Bovine tuberculosis in Northern Ireland: Risk factors associated with time from post-outbreak test to subsequent herd breakdown. Prev Vet Med., 116: 47-55. [Crossref]

10. Cousins, D.V. and Roberts, J.L. (2001) Australia's campaign to eradicate bovine tuberculosis: The battle for freedom and beyond. Tuberculosis, 81: 5-15. [Crossref] [PubMed]

11. Javed, M.T., Usman, M., Irfan, M. and Cagiola, M. (2006) A study on tuberculosis in buffaloes: some epidemiological aspects, along with haematological and serum protein changes. Vet. Arch., 76: 193-206.

12. OIE Terrestial Manual. (2009) http://www.oie.int/fileadmin/Home/eng/Health_standards/tahm/2008/pdf/2.04.07_BOVINE_TB.pdf. Last accessed on 31-01-2018.

13. Shitaye, J.E., Getahun, B., Alemayehu, T., Skoric, M., Treml, F., Fictum, P., Vrbas, V. and Pavlik, I. (2006) A prevalence study of bovine tuberculosis by using abattoir meat inspection and tuberculin skin testing data, histopathological and IS6110 PCR examination of tissues with tuberculous lesions in cattle in Ethiopia. Vet. Med. Praha., 51: 512.

14. Collins, J.D. (2006) Tuberculosis in cattle: strategic planning for the future. Vet Microbiol., 112: 369-381. [Crossref] [PubMed]

15. Skuce, R.A., Allen, A.R. and McDowell, S.W. (2012) Herd-level risk factors for bovine tuberculosis: A literature review. Vet. Med. Intl., 2012: 621210. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC]

16. Boukary, A.R., Thys, E., Abatih, E., Gamatie, D., Ango, I., Yenikoye, A. and Saegerman, C. (2011) Bovine tuberculosis prevalence survey on cattle in the rural livestock system of Torodi (Niger). PLoS One, 6(9): e24629. [Crossref]

17. Humblet, M.F., Boschiroli, M.L. and Saegerman, C. (2009) Classification of worldwide bovine tuberculosis risk factors in cattle: A stratified approach. Vet. Res., 40: 1-24. [Crossref]

18. Koro, F.K., Foko, E., Ngatchou, A.F., Eyangoh, S. and Etoa, F.X. (2013) First insight into the current prevalence of bovine tuberculosis in cattle slaughtered in Cameroon: The case of main abattoirs of Yaounde and Douala. Br. Microbiol. Res. J., 3: 272-279. [Crossref]

19. Diguimbaye, C., Hilty, M., Ngandolo, R., Mahamat, H.H., Pfyffer, G.E., Baggi, F., Tanner, M., Schelling, E. and Zinsstag, J. (2006) Molecular characterization and drug resistance testing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from Chad. J. Clin. Microbiol., 44: 1575-1577. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC]

20. Idrisu, A. and Schnurrenberger, P. (1977) Public-health significance of bovine tuberculosis in 4 northern states of Nigeria-myco-bacteriologic study. Nig. Med. J., 7: 384-387.

21. Aliyu, M.M., Adamu, J.Y and Bilyaminu, Y.A. (2009) Current prevalence of tuberculous lesions among slaughtered cattle in Northeastern States of Nigeria. Rev. Lives Vet. Med. Trop. Count., 62: 13-16.

22. Cadmus, S.I.B. and Adesokan, H.K. (2009) Causes and implications of bovine organs/offal condemnations in some abattoirs in Western Nigeria. Trop. Anim. Health Prod., 41: 1455. [Crossref] [PubMed]

23. Raufu, I.A. and Ameh, J.A. (2010) Prevalence of bovine tuberculosis in Maiduguri Nigerian abattoir study. Bull. Anim. Health Prod. Afr., 58: 119-123. [Crossref]

24. Igbokwe, I.O., Madaki, I.Y., Danburam, S., Ameh, J.A., Aliyu, M.M. and Nwosu, C.O. (2001) Prevalence of tuberculous pulmonary lesions in cattle slaughtered in slaughterhouses in northeastern Nigeria. Rev. Livestock Vet. Med. Trop. Count., 54: 191-195.

25. Danbirni, S., Pewan, S.B., Onoja, I.I., Ababa, J.A. and Okaiyeto, S.O. (2013) A five-year retrospective study of bovine tuberculosis granulomatous lesions in slaughtered cattle in Adamawa State, Nigeria. J. Vet. Adv., 3: 313-318.

26. Census. (2006) Nigeria. Available from: http://www.nigeriamasterweb.com/Nigeria06CensusFigs.html2014. Last accessed on 16-02-2018.

27. Abubakar, M.B., Abdulkadir, A.U., El-yuguda, A.D., Hamisu, T.M. and Baba, S.S. (2013) Seroprevalence and risk factors associated with foot and mouth disease in Bauchi local government area, Bauchi State Nigeria. IOSR J. Agric. Vet. Sci., 10: 56-61.

28. Thrusfield, M.V. (2007) Veterinary Epidemiology. 3rd ed. Blackwell Science Ltd., Oxford. [PubMed]

29. Network FC. (2009) Stress and Loss: A Report on the Impact of Bovine Tuberculosis on Farming Families. Farm Crisis Network, Northampton.

30. Boland, F., Kelly, G.E., Good, M. and More, S.J. (2010) Bovine tuberculosis and milk production in infected dairy herds in Ireland. Prev. Vet. Med., 93: 153-161. [Crossref] [PubMed]

31. Cadmus, S.I.B., Adesokan, H.K., Adejuwon, T.A. and Adeyemi, M.O. (2010) A retrospective study on bovine tuberculosis and other diseases of public health importance at Oko-Oba Abattoir, Lagos State. Trop. Vet., 28: 21-30.

32. Abubakar, U.B., Shehu, S.A and Mohammed, F.U. (2011) Retrospective study of tuberculosis in slaughtered cattle at Maiduguri abattoir, Nigeria. Med. J., 4: 1-4.

33. Smith, R.M., Drobniewski, F., Gibson, A., Montague, J.D., Logan, M.N., Hunt, D., Hewinson, G., Salmon, R.L. and O'Neill, B. (2004) Mycobacterium bovis infection, United Kingdom. Emerg. Infect. Dis., 10: 539. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC]

34. De la Rua-Domenech, R., Goodchild, A.T., Vordermeier, H.M., Hewinson, R.G., Christiansen, K.H. and Clifton-Hadley, R.S. (2006) Antemortem diagnosis of tuberculosis in cattle: A review of the tuberculin tests, ?-interferon assay and other ancillary diagnostic techniques. Res. Vet. Sci., 81: 190-210. [Crossref] [PubMed]

35. Jajere, S.M., Atsanda, N.N., Bitrus, A.A., Hamisu, T.M. and Goni, M.D. (2018). Occurrence of bovine tuberculosis among cattle herds from nomadic peri-urban settlements and cattle slaughtered at the municipal abattoir of Bauchi, North-Eastern Nigeria. J Adv Vet Anim Res., 5:.53-59.

36. Cadmus, S.I.B., Atsanda, N.N., Oni, S.O. and Akang, E.E.U. (2004) Bovine tuberculosis in one cattle herd in Ibadan in Nigeria. Vet. Med-UZPI (Czech Republic)., 49: 406-412.

37. Inangolet, F.O., Demelash, B., Oloya, J., Opuda-Asibo, J. and Skjerve, E. (2008) A cross-sectional study of bovine tuberculosis in the transhumant and agro-pastoral cattle herds in the border areas of Katakwi and Moroto districts, Uganda. Trop. Anim. Health Prod., 40: 501-508. [Crossref]

38. Kazwala, R.R., Kambarage, D.M., Daborn, C.J., Nyange, J., Jiwa, S.F.H. and Sharp, J.M. (2001) Risk factors associated with the occurrence of Bovine tuberculosis in cattle in the Southern Highlands of Tanzania. Vet. Res. Commun., 25: 609-614. [Crossref] [PubMed]

39. Clegg, T.A., Good, M. and More, S.J. (2016) Risk factors for cattle presenting with a confirmed bovine tuberculosis lesion at slaughter, from herds with no evidence of within-herd transmission. Prev. Vet. Med., 126: 111-120. [Crossref] [PubMed]

40. Corner, L.A., Melville, L., McCubbin, K., Small, K.J., McCormick, B.S., Wood, P.R. and Rothel, J.S. (1990) Efficiency of inspection procedures for the detection of tuberculous lesions in cattle. Aust. Vet. J., 67: 389-392. [Crossref] [PubMed]

41. Good, M., Clegg, T.A., Duignan, A. and More, S.J. (2011) The impact of the national full herd depopulation policy on the recurrence of bovine tuberculosis in Irish herds during 2003 to 2005. The Tuberculin Test and its Role in the Strategic Management and Eradication of Tuberculosis in Cattle, 149. Available from: https://www.dspace.library.uu.nl/bitstream/handle/1874/212136/good.pdf?sequence=1. Last accessed on 16-02-2018.

42. Lepper, A.W.D., Pearson, C.W. and Outteridge, P.M. (1973) Assessment of the bentonite flocculation test for detecting tuberculosis in cattle. Aust. Vet. J., 49: 445-450. [Crossref] [PubMed]

43. Neill, S.D., Pollock, J.M., Bryson, D.B. and Hanna, J. (1994) Pathogenesis of Mycobacterium bovis infection in cattle. Vet. Microbiol., 40: 41-52. [Crossref]

44. Phillips, C.J.C., Foster, C.R.W., Morris, P.A. and Teverson, R. (2003) The transmission of Mycobacterium bovis infection to cattle. Res. Vet. Sci., 74: 1-15. [Crossref]

45. Palmer, M.V., Waters, W.R. and Whipple, D.L. (2004) Investigation of the transmission of Mycobacterium bovis from deer to cattle through indirect contact. Am J. Vet. Res., 65: 1483-1489. [Crossref] [PubMed]

46. Kudil, A.C., Bello, A. and Ndukum, J.A. (2012) Prevalence of bovine tuberculosis in camels in Northern Nigeria. J. Camel Pract. Res., 19: 81-86.

47. Pollock, J.M. and Neill, S.D. (2002) Mycobacterium bovis infection and tuberculosis in cattle. Vet. J., 163: 115-127. [Crossref] [PubMed]

48. Awah-Ndukum, J., Kudi, A.C., Bradley, G., Ane-Anyangwe, I.N., Fon-Tebug, S. and Tchoumboue, J. (2010) Prevalence of bovine tuberculosis in abattoirs of the littoral and Western highland regions of Cameroon: A cause for public health concern. Vet. Med. Intl., vol. 2010, Article ID 495015, 8 pages, 2010. [Crossref]

49. Danbirni, S., Okaiyeto, S.O., Pewan, S.B. and Kudi, A.C. (2010) Concurrent infection of contagious bovine pleuropneumonia and bovine tuberculosis in Bunaji nomadic cows. Res. J. Anim. Sci., 4: 23-25. [Crossref]

50. Corner, L.A. (1994) Postmortem diagnosis of Mycobacterium bovis infection in cattle. Vet. Microbiol., 40: 53-63. [Crossref]