Open Access
Research (Published online: 18-02-2020)
13. Occurrence and antibiogram of Listeria species in raw pork, beef, and chicken meats marketed in Enugu State, Southeast Nigeria
Onyinye Josephine Okorie-Kanu, Madubuike Umunna Anyanwu, Ekene Vivienne Ezenduka, Anthony Christian Mgbeahuruike, Christian Onwuchokwe Okorie-Kanu, Ejike Ekene Ugwuijem, Martha Nkechinyere Idogwu, Chidiebere Ohazuruike Anyaoha, Onyinye Lynda Majesty-Alukagberie, Roberto O. Vidal and Maricel Vidal
Veterinary World, 13(2): 317-325

Onyinye Josephine Okorie-Kanu: Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Nigeria, 400001 Nsukka, Enugu State Nigeria.
Madubuike Umunna Anyanwu: Microbiology Unit, Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nigeria, 400001 Nsukka, Enugu State Nigeria.
Ekene Vivienne Ezenduka: Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Nigeria, 400001 Nsukka, Enugu State Nigeria.
Anthony Christian Mgbeahuruike: Microbiology Unit, Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nigeria, 400001 Nsukka, Enugu State Nigeria.
Christian Onwuchokwe Okorie-Kanu: Department of Veterinary Pathology, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, 440233 Umudike, Abia State, Nigeria.
Ejike Ekene Ugwuijem: Department of Microbiology, University of Nigeria, 400001 Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria.
Martha Nkechinyere Idogwu: Department of Microbiology, University of Nigeria, 400001 Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria.
Chidiebere Ohazuruike Anyaoha: Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Nigeria, 400001 Nsukka, Enugu State Nigeria.
Onyinye Lynda Majesty-Alukagberie: Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Nigeria, 400001 Nsukka, Enugu State Nigeria.
Roberto O. Vidal: Programa de Microbiologia y Micologia, Instituto de Ciencias Biomedicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
Maricel Vidal: Secretaria Regional Ministerial de Salud Region Metropolitana Santiago, Chile.

doi: www.doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2020.317-325

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Article history: Received: 11-10-2019, Accepted: 13-01-2020, Published online: 18-02-2020

Corresponding author: Madubuike Umunna Anyanwu

E-mail: madubuike.anyanwu@unn.edu.ng

Citation: Okorie-Kanu OJ, Anyanwu MU, Ezenduka EV, Mgbeahuruike AC, Okorie-Kanu CO, Ugwuijem EE, Idogwu MN, Anyaoha CO, Majesty-Alukagberie OL, Vidal RO, Vidal M (2020) Occurrence and antibiogram of Listeria species in raw pork, beef, and chicken meats marketed in Enugu State, Southeast Nigeria, Veterinary World, 13(2): 317-325.
Abstract

Aim: This study was undertaken to isolate Listeria (L.) species from raw meats sold in markets in Enugu State, Southeast Nigeria, and to determine the antibacterial resistance profile.

Materials and Methods: Twenty-five grams of beef (n=144), chicken meat (n=144), and pork (n=144) were collected randomly from supermarkets and general markets in Enugu State. Isolation of Listeria was done using half and full Fraser broths, and polymyxin acriflavine lithium chloride ceftazidime aesculin mannitol agar. Identification of isolates was done using an analytical profile index kit specific for Listeria. Confirmation of the genus Listeria was done by a polymerase chain reaction. The resistance of the isolates was determined using the disk diffusion method.

Results: Listeria was isolated from 39/144 (27.1%) chicken meat, 19/144 (13.2%) pork, and 66/144 (45.8%) beef samples cultured. Listeria innocua was the predominant species in chicken meat (52.6%) and beef (81.8%) samples. Listeria grayi, Listeria welshimeri, and Listeria ivanovii were also isolated from the beef and chicken meat samples. More than 65% of the isolates were resistant to penicillin, rifampicin, ciprofloxacin, sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim, and cephalothin. All the isolates from beef and pork samples and 23 (92%) from chicken meat samples, were resistant to ≥3 classes of antibacterial agents. Mean multiple antibiotic resistance index (MARI) was 0.77 (range=0.42-1.00), 0.58 (range=0.25-0.83), and 0.79 (range=0.58-0.92) for the isolates from beef, chicken meat, and pork samples, respectively. All the isolates had MARI >0.2.

Conclusion: Multidrug-resistant Listeria strains contaminate raw beef, pork, and chicken meats marketed in Enugu State, Southeast Nigeria.

Keywords: antibacterial resistance, beef, chicken meat, Listeria species, pork.