Open Access
Research (Published online: 29-06-2021)
36. Correlation between antibody response against porcine epidemic diarrhea virus in sows and their offspring under field conditions
Prapassorn Boonsoongnern, Orawan Boodde, Wilairat Chumsing, Manakorn Sukmak, Pichai Jirawattanapong, Nattavut Ratanavanichrojn and Alongkot Boonsoongnern
Veterinary World, 14(6): 1689-1694

Prapassorn Boonsoongnern: Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Orawan Boodde: Department of Farm Resources and Production Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand.
Wilairat Chumsing: Department of Farm Resources and Production Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand.
Manakorn Sukmak: Department of Farm Resources and Production Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand.
Pichai Jirawattanapong: Department of Farm Resources and Production Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand.
Nattavut Ratanavanichrojn: Department of Farm Resources and Production Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand.
Alongkot Boonsoongnern: Department of Farm Resources and Production Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand.

doi: www.doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2021.1689-1694

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Article history: Received: 28-02-2021, Accepted: 14-05-2021, Published online: 29-06-2021

Corresponding author: Alongkot Boonsoongnern

E-mail: fvetakb@ku.ac.th

Citation: Boonsoongnern P, Boodde O, Chumsing W, Sukmak M, Jirawattanapong P, Ratanavanichrojn N, Boonsoongnern A (2021) Correlation between antibody response against porcine epidemic diarrhea virus in sows and their offspring under field conditions, Veterinary World, 14(6): 1689-1694.
Abstract

Background and Aim: Thai pig farmers have suffered huge financial losses from porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) since 2007. PED, caused by the PED virus (PEDV), leads to severe diarrhea, vomiting, and subsequent dehydration in suckling piglets. Lactogenic immunity derived from colostrum and milk is very important because immunoglobulins (Ig) cannot cross the placenta in pregnant sows. The aim of this study was to investigate the immunological correlation of the sample-to-positive (S/P) ratios of IgA and IgG against PEDV between colostrum, sow serum, and their piglet serum.

Materials and Methods: A total of 43 sows were divided into three groups according to the experience of PEDV infection: Negative sow group (n=7) and treatment group (n=36, sows previously infected with PEDV). The treatment group was subdivided into two groups: Sows immunized with live-attenuated PEDV vaccine (n=15) and sows immunized with feedback (n=21) at 3 weeks before farrowing. The 7-day-old piglets (n=425) were obtained from negative sows (n=89), vaccinated sows (n=150), and feedback sows (n=275). Colostrum, sow serum, and their piglet serum were collected and analyzed for S/P ratios of their IgA and IgG levels against PEDV using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Results: The piglets from sows immunized with live-attenuated PEDV vaccine had a higher S/P ratio of IgG against PEDV (p<0.001), whereas the piglets from the feedback group had a higher S/P ratio of IgA against PEDV (p<0.001) compared with piglets from the negative sows. In addition, the S/P ratios of PEDV-specific IgA and IgG between sow serum and colostrum showed a positive correlation (Pearson's coefficient r=0.61 and 0.75, respectively). Both S/P ratios of PEDV-specific IgA and IgG in sow serum and colostrum had a positive correlation to those in piglet serum.

Conclusion: Overall, this study suggested that pregnant sows immunized with the live-attenuated vaccine against PEDV and feedback may provide maternal immunity against PEDV to their offspring.

Keywords: antibody response, correlation, piglet, porcine epidemic diarrhea virus, sow.