Evaluation of the association between electrocardiogram parameters and left cardiac remodeling in dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease

Research (Published online: 27-08-2022)

22. Evaluation of the association between electrocardiogram parameters and left cardiac remodeling in dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease

Mizuki Ogawa, Haruka Ogi, Hirosumi Miyakawa, Huai-Hsun Hsu, Yuichi Miyagawa, and Naoyuki Takemura

Veterinary World, 15(8): 2072-2083

Mizuki Ogawa: Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine II, School of Veterinary Medicine, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Tokyo, Japan.

Haruka Ogi: Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine II, School of Veterinary Medicine, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Tokyo, Japan.

Hirosumi Miyakawa: Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine II, School of Veterinary Medicine, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Tokyo, Japan.

Huai-Hsun Hsu: Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine II, School of Veterinary Medicine, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Tokyo, Japan.

Yuichi Miyagawa: Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine II, School of Veterinary Medicine, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Tokyo, Japan.

Naoyuki Takemura: Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine II, School of Veterinary Medicine, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Tokyo, Japan.

doi: www.doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2022.2072-2083

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Article history: Received: 18-02-2022, Accepted: 22-07-2022, Published online: 27-08-2022

Corresponding author: Mizuki Ogawa

E-mail: d1804@nvlu.ac.jp

Citation: Ogawa M, Ogi H, Miyakawa H, Hsu H, Miyagawa Y, and Takemura N (2022) Evaluation of the association between electrocardiogram parameters and left cardiac remodeling in dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease, Veterinary World, 15(8): 2072–2083.

Abstract

Background and Aim: Electrocardiography (ECG) is an adjunct for cardiac enlargement diagnosis. However, its efficacy in assessing left cardiac remodeling (left atrial and left ventricular enlargement) in dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD) remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the association between ECG parameters and left cardiac remodeling and to investigate whether the rate of change in ECG waveforms in the same individual reflected left cardiac remodeling in dogs with MMVD.

Materials and Methods: This retrospective study included 20 healthy dogs and 140 dogs with MMVD. Data on clinical variables were obtained through physical examination, thoracic radiography, and echocardiography. The ECG parameters were the P-wave duration, PR interval, QRS complex duration, P-wave amplitude, R-wave amplitude, and mean electrical axis. Dogs with examination data that could be obtained multiple times during the study period were classified into the non-progressive and progressive groups.

Results: Only the P-wave and QRS complex durations were selected as significant variables associated with imaging test parameters (p < 0.05); they had a relatively higher discriminatory ability for the left cardiac remodeling than other ECG parameters. The rates of change in the PR interval and R-wave amplitude were significantly higher in the progressive group than in the non-progressive group.

Conclusion: In dogs with MMVD, the P-wave and QRS complex durations were significantly correlated with the left cardiac remodeling indicators. Furthermore, an increased rate of change in the PR interval and R-wave amplitude in the same individual may indicate left cardiac remodeling.

Keywords: left atrial enlargement, left ventricular enlargement, PR interval, rate of change, R-wave amplitude.