Open Access
Research (Published online: 09-02-2023)
2. Aeromonas hydrophila induction method in adult zebrafish (Danio rerio) as animal infection models
Dahliatul Qosimah, Sanarto Santoso, Maftuch Maftuch, Husnul Khotimah, Loeki Enggar Fitri, Aulanni'am Aulanni'am, and Lucia Tri Suwanti
Veterinary World, 16(2): 250-257

Dahliatul Qosimah: Doctoral Study Program in Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia; Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia.
Sanarto Santoso: Laboratory of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia.
Maftuch Maftuch: Laboratory of Fish Diseases, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia.
Husnul Khotimah: Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia.
Loeki Enggar Fitri: Laboratory of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia.
Aulanni'am Aulanni'am: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia.
Lucia Tri Suwanti: Department of Veterinary Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia.

doi: www.doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2023.250-257

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Article history: Received: 24-09-2022, Accepted: 28-12-2022, Published online: 09-02-2023

Corresponding author: Dahliatul Qosimah

E-mail: dahlia_qosimah@ub.ac.id

Citation: Qosimah D, Santoso S, Maftuch M, Khotimah H, Fitri LE, Aulanni'am A, and Suwanti LT (2023) Aeromonas hydrophila induction method in adult zebrafish (Danio rerio) as animal infection models, Veterinary World, 16(2): 250–257.
Abstract

Background and Aim: Zebrafish are frequently used as model organisms in scientific research as their genes mirror those of humans. Aeromonas hydrophila bacteria can infect humans and animals, mainly fish. This study aimed to identify the concentration and route of A. hydrophila infection in adult zebrafish. Zebrafish had been used as a challenge test by analyzing their hematological profiles, blood glucose levels, and survival rates.

Materials and Methods: Induction of cell supernatant free (CSF) from A. hydrophila bacteria in adult zebrafish was carried out via bath immersion (BI), intraperitoneal injection (IPI), intramuscular injection (IMI), and healthy zebrafish as a control (C). The bacterial concentrations were 107, 109, and 1011 colony-forming units (CFU)/mL. At 24 h post-infection, the outcomes of infection were evaluated based on survival rates, hematological profiles, and blood glucose levels. A one-way analysis of variance with a confidence level of 95% was employed to examine the data.

Results: In the BI, IPI, and IMI treatment groups, the survival rate of the fish reached a peak of 100%, 22%–100%, and 16%–63%, respectively, compared with the injection technique. In the IMI2 group, a 109 CFU/mL bacterial concentration was determined to correspond to the lethal dosage 50. All infection groups had lower erythrocyte and hemoglobin counts but higher leukocyte counts than the control group. The blood sugar levels of the healthy and infected groups were not significantly different.

Conclusion: The route of A. hydrophila infection through Intramuscular injection with a concentration of 109 CFU/mL indicated a high performance compared to other techniques. This method could be developed as a reproducible challenge test.

Keywords: Aeromonas hydrophila, animal model, hematological profile, survival rate, zebrafish.