In vitro immunomodulatory potential of Artemisia indica Willd. in chicken lymphocytes

Vet World Vol.11 January-2018 Article-14

Research Article

Veterinary World, 11(1): 80-87

https://doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2018.80-87

Pushpa Ruwali¹, Tanuj Kumar Ambwani^2,3, and Pankaj Gautam¹

1. Department of Biotechnology, Graphic Era University, Dehradun - 248 002, Uttarakhand, India.
2. Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, G. B. Pant University of Agriculture & Technology, Pantnagar - 263 145.
3. Uttarakhand, India.

Background and Aim: Evaluation of the in vitro immunomodulatory potential of Artemisia indica Willd. methanolic extract in chicken lymphocyte culture system through lymphocyte (B and T cells) proliferation assay, after standardizing the maximum non-cytotoxic dose (MNCD) in chicken lymphocytes.

Materials and Methods: Fresh aerial parts of A. indica Willd. (family: Asteraceae) specimens were collected (altitude 1560 m), gotten authenticated, processed, dried, and Soxhlet extracted to yield methanolic extract (AME). Chicken splenocytes were isolated from spleens collected from healthy birds; lymphocytes were separated by density gradient centrifugation, percentage cell viability determined and final cell count adjusted to 107 cells/ml in RPMI-1640 medium. MNCD of AME in chicken lymphocytes was determined through 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-y1)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide dye reduction assay. Immunomodulatory potential of AME was evaluated through lymphocytes proliferation or B and T cells blastogenesis assay in the presence of appropriate mitogens, namely, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and concanavalin A (Con A), respectively.

Results: Maximum concentration of AME exhibiting 100% cell viability (MNCD) was 200 μg/ml and was selected for further in vitro analysis. The in vitro exposure of chicken lymphocytes to 200 μg/ml dose of AME, resulted in significant (p<0.05) upregulation of 11.76% in B cell proliferation in the presence of B cell mitogen (LPS) and a significant (p<0.05) increase of 12.018% T cells proliferation in the presence of the mitogen (Con A), as compared to the control.

Conclusion: The significant upregulation in the proliferation of two major cell types modulating the immune system is an indication of the immunostimulatory potential of the plant. It would be worthwhile to further evaluate A. indica on relevant immunomodulatory aspects, especially the in vivo studies in a poultry system. Keywords: Artemisia indica Willd., immunomodulation, in vitro chicken lymphocytes, lymphocyte proliferation assay, plant extract.

Keywords: Artemisia indica Willd., immunomodulation, in vitro chicken lymphocytes, lymphocyte proliferation assay, plant extract.

How to cite this article: Ruwali P, Ambwani TK, Gautam P (2018) In vitro immunomodulatory potential of Artemisia indica Willd. in chicken lymphocytes, Veterinary World, 11(1): 80-87.

Received: 11-08-2017 Accepted: 12-12-2017 Published online: 28-01-2018

Corresponding author: Tanuj Kumar Ambwani E-mail: tambwani@yahoo.com

DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2018.80-87

Copyright: Ruwali, et al. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http:// creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.