Anticancer activities of toxic isolate of Xestospongia testudinaria sponge

Vet World Vol.12 September-2019 Article-12

Research Article

Veterinary World, 12(9): 1434-1440

https://doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2019.1434-1440

Made Dira Swantara¹, Wiwik Susanah Rita², Nyoman Suartha³, and Kadek Karang Agustina⁴

1. Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School, Udayana University, Denpasar, Indonesia.
2. Department of Chemistry, Udayana University, Badung, Indonesia.
3. Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Udayana University, Denpasar, Indonesia.
4. Department of Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Udayana University, Denpasar, Indonesia.

Background and Aim: The purposes of this study were to determine the anticancer activity of Xestospongia testudinaria sponge isolate and identify the responsible compounds.

Materials and Methods: The metabolites were extracted using methanol maceration at room temperature. The separation and purification of metabolites were performed using fractionation and column chromatography. The toxicity was examined using the brine shrimp lethality assay, and the toxic isolates were tested for anticancer activity against HeLa cells. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis was used to identify the compounds in the isolate.

Results: When the methanol extract was partitioned with n-hexane, chloroform, and n-butanol, the chloroform fraction was the most toxic, with a concentration that results in 50% lethality (LC50) value of 39.81 ppm. After separation of the chloroform extract, fraction B (FB) was the most toxic, with an LC50 value of 44.67 ppm. The isolate from FB showed anticancer activity with a concentration at which 50% of growth was inhibited (IC50) of 2.273 ppm. In total, 21 compounds were identified in anticancer isolates: Nonanedioic acid; tetradecanoic acid; trans-phytol; 2-pentadecanone- 6,10,14-trimethyl; pentadecanoic acid; 2-hexadecen-1-ol, 3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-; pentadecanoic acid; 2-hexadecen-1-ol, 3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-; 2,3,7-trimethyloctanal; palmitic acid; docosanoic acid, ethyl ester; 1,E-11,Z-13-octadecatriene; chloromethyl 4-chlorododecanoate; 1-tricosene; 9,12-octadecadienoic acid; 4,8,12,16-tetramethylheptadecan-4-olide; 1-docosene; heneicosane; phosphonic acid, dioctadecyl ester; dodecane,4,6-dimethyl-; n-tetratriacontane; 1-iodohexadecane; and n-heneicosane.

Conclusion: These findings indicate that the isolate of X. testudinaria can be used as a natural anticancer toward HeLa cell. Keywords: anticancer activity, HeLa cell, Xestospongia testudinaria.

Keywords: anticancer activity, HeLa cell, Xestospongia testudinaria.

How to cite this article: Swantara MD, Rita WS, Suartha N, Agustina KK (2019) Anticancer activities of toxic isolate of Xestospongia testudinaria sponge, Veterinary World, 12(9): 1434-1440.

Received: 12-04-2019 Accepted: 22-07-2019 Published online: 18-09-2019

Corresponding author: Made Dira Swantara E-mail: dira_swantara@unud.ac.id

DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2019.1434-1440

Copyright: Swantara, et al. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http:// creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.