Vet World Vol.13 August-2020 Article-29
Review Article
Veterinary World, 13(8): 1685-1696
https://doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2020.1685-1696
Applications, challenges, and strategies in the use of nanoparticles as feed additives in equine nutrition
2. Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Science, Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University, Tirupati, India.
3. Livestock Farm Complex, College of Veterinary Science, Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University, Proddatur, Andhra Pradesh, India.
4. Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA.
5. Department of Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt.
6. Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Joseph Ayo Babalola University, Ikeji-Arakeji, Nigeria.
7. Department of Veterinary Physiology, NTR College of Veterinary Science, Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University, Gannavaram, India.
8. Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Farm Animal Genetics, Friedrich Loeffler Institute, Neustadt, Hannover, Germany.
Background and Aim: The rapid expansion of nanotechnology has been transforming the food industry by increasing market share and expenditure. Although nanotechnology offers promising benefits as feed additives, their usage in equines is primarily geared toward immunotherapy, hyper-immunization techniques, drug delivery systems, grooming activities, and therapeutic purposes. Nanoparticles could be engaged as alternatives for antibiotic feed additives to prevent foal diarrhea. Gold nanoparticles are proved to provide beneficial effects for racehorses by healing joint and tendon injuries. Because of the poor bioavailability of micro-sized mineral salts, the usage of nano-minerals is highly encourageable to improve the performance of racehorses. Nano-Vitamin E and enzyme CoQ10 for equines are no longer a simple research topic because of the increased commercial availability. Employing nanotechnology-based preservatives may offer a promising alternative to other conventional preservatives in preserving the quality of equine feed items, even during an extended storage period. While nanoparticles as feed additives may provide multitudinous benefits on equines, they could elicit allergic or toxic responses in case of improper synthesis aids or inappropriate dosages. The safety of nano-feed additives remains uninvestigated and necessitates the additional risk assessment, especially during their usage for a prolonged period. To adopt nano-feed additives in horses, there is an extreme paucity of information regarding the validity of various levels or forms of nanoparticles. Further, the currently available toxicological database on the topic of nano-feed additives is not at all related to equines and even inadequate for other livestock species. This review aims to provide new insights into possible future research pertaining to the usage of nano-feed additives in equines.
Keywords: antimicrobial, drug delivery, equine nutrition, feed additives, nano-minerals, nanoparticles.
How to cite this article: Reddy PRK, Yasaswini D, Reddy PPR, Zeineldin M, Adegbeye MJ, Hyder I (2020) Applications, challenges, and strategies in the use of nanoparticles as feed additives in equine nutrition, Veterinary World, 13(8): 1685-1696.
Received: 06-01-2020 Accepted: 07-07-2020 Published online: 26-08-2020
Corresponding author: P. Ravi Kanth Reddy E-mail: ravi.nutrition001@gmail.com
DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2020.1685-1696
Copyright: Reddy PRK, et al. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http:// creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.