Methanol leaf extract of Momordica charantia protects alloxan-induced hepatopathy through modulation of caspase-9 and interleukin-1β signaling pathways in rats

Vet World Vol.13 August-2020 Article-6

Research Article

Veterinary World, 13(8): 1528-1535

https://doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2020.1528-1535

Sunday Oluwaseun Ofuegbe¹, Ademola Adetokunbo Oyagbemi², Temidayo Olutayo Omobowale³, Aduragbenro Deborah Adedapo⁴, Abiodun Emmanuel Ayodele⁵, Momoh Audu Yakubu⁶, Oluwafemi O. Oguntibeju⁷, and Adeolu Alex Adedapo¹

1. Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria.
2. Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria.
3. Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria.
4. Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria.
5. Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, University of Ibadan, Nigeria.
6. Department of Environmental and Interdisciplinary Sciences, College of Science, Engineering and Technology, NSB303, Vascular Biology Unit, Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, COPHS, Texas Southern University, Houston, TX, USA.
7. Oxidative Stress Research Centre, Phytomedicine and Phytochemistry, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Wellness Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Bellville 7535, South Africa.

Background and Aim: Momordica charantia is a highly valued plant, widely distributed in the tropical and subtropical regions. The plant is reported to have a wide range of medicinal uses. This study was designed to explore the ameliorative potential of M. charantia methanol leaf extract in alloxan-induced diabetic animal model with a particular focus on the liver.

Materials and Methods: Hepatoprotective effect of methanol leaf extract of M. charantia was assessed in alloxan-induced toxicity in 50 rats divided into five groups (A-E) (n=10). Group A normal control, Group B was toxicant group, and Group C animals received glibenclamide treatment while Groups D and E received extracts at 200 and 400 mg/kg doses, respectively. The experiment lasted for 28 days. Histopathological changes, blood glucose level, and serum enzymes such as aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase, oxidative status and caspase-9, and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) were evaluated.

Results: Extract-treatment caused a decreased blood glucose level, markers of oxidative stress such as malondialdehyde and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Treatment of rats with leaf extract of M. charantia resulted in increased levels and activities of protein thiols, non-protein thiols, glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase, glutathione S-transferase, and superoxide dismutase indicating its antioxidant potential. The liver section revealed mild distortion of the hepatic architecture compared to the toxicant group, while decreased expressions of caspase-9 and IL-1β in extract-treated groups was observed.

Conclusion: The plant extract exhibited antioxidant, anti-apoptotic, and anti-inflammatory effects, thus showing its hepatoprotective property. Keywords: antioxidant, caspase-9, hepatotoxicity, histopathology, interleukin-1β, Momordica charantia.

Keywords: antioxidant, caspase-9, hepatotoxicity, histopathology, interleukin-1β, Momordica charantia.

How to cite this article: Ofuegbe SO, Oyagbemi AA, Omobowale TO, Adedapo AD, Ayodele AE, Yakubu MA, Oguntibeju OO, Adedapo AA (2020) Methanol leaf extract of Momordica charantia protects alloxan-induced hepatopathy through modulation of caspase-9 and interleukin-1β signaling pathways in rats, Veterinary World, 13(8): 1528-1535.

Received: 29-11-2019 Accepted: 07-07-2020 Published online: 08-08-2020

Corresponding author: Oluwafemi O. Oguntibeju E-mail: oguntibejuo@cput.ac.za

DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2020.1528-1535

Copyright: Ofuegbe, et al. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http:// creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.