Vet World   Vol.13   December-2020  Article-11

Royal Jelly and Aliskiren mutually annul their protective effects against gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats

Background and Aim: Gentamicin (GM) is one of the most effective antibiotics for severe, life-threatening Gram-negative infections. Nevertheless, its clinical use has been restrained because of its nephrotoxic potential. Royal jelly (RJ) and aliskiren (ALK) can individually prevent such toxic effects. The aim of this study was to explore the protective effects of a combination treatment of RJ and ALK on GM-mediated nephrotoxicity.

Materials and Methods: Thirty-two adult female Wistar rats were divided equally into four groups: (I) Receiving normal saline; (II) GM (100 mg/kg, intraperitoneal [i.p.] injection); (III) GM (100 mg/kg, i.p. injection) plus ALK (50 mg/kg, i.p. injection); and (IV) GM (100 mg/kg, i.p. injection) plus ALK (50 mg/kg, i.p. injection) in combination with RJ (150 mg/ kg, orally). All treatments were administered daily for 10 days. The blood levels of creatinine, urea, uric acid, albumin, and total protein were measured. Then, the animals were sacrificed, and the kidneys were taken for histopathology.

Results: Compared to normal control rats, GM-injected rats showed significantly (p<0.001) higher serum concentrations of uric acid, urea, and creatinine as well as evidently (p<0.001) lower blood levels of albumin and total protein. Moreover, GM administration was associated with significant renal histopathological changes. All these alterations were considerably (p<0.05) improved in GM-injected rats receiving ALK compared to rats receiving GM alone. However, when RJ was given in combination with ALK to GM-injected rats, it lessened the beneficial nephroprotective effects of both agents.

Conclusion: The combination treatment of RJ and ALK is not desirable for GM-induced nephrotoxicity. Further studies are crucial to accurately explore the precise mechanism of RJ antagonistic interaction with ALK. Keywords: aliskiren, gentamicin, nephrotoxicity, royal jelly.

Keywords: aliskiren, gentamicin, nephrotoxicity, royal jelly.

How to cite this article: Alaraj M (2020) Royal Jelly and Aliskiren mutually annul their protective effects against gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats, Veterinary World, 13(12): 2658-2662.

Received: 19-08-2020  Accepted: 22-10-2020     Published online: 14-12-2020

Corresponding author: Mohd Alaraj   E-mail: malaraj@meu.edu.jo

DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2020.2658-2662

Copyright: Alaraj, et al. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http:// creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.