Dynamic evolution of canine parvovirus in Thailand

Vet World Vol.13 February-2020 Article-4

Research Article

Veterinary World, 13(2): 245-255

https://doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2020.245-255

N. Inthong^1,2,3, S. Kaewmongkol³, N. Meekhanon³, K. Sirinarumitr^2,4,5, and T. Sirinarumitr^2,4,5

1. Center for Agricultural Biotechnology, Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Sean Campus, Nakhon Pathom 73140, Thailand.
2. Center of Excellence on Agricultural Biotechnology: (AG-BIO/PERDO-CHE), Bangkok 10900, Thailand.
3. Department of Veterinary Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Technology, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngamwongwan Road, Chatuchak 10900, Thailand.
4. Department of Companion Animal Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngamwongwan Road, Chatuchak 10900, Thailand.
5. Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngamwongwan Road, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand.

Background and Aim: According to the previous study, the circulating canine parvovirus (CPV) in Thailand is 2a and 2b. Nowadays, CPV mutants, including CPV-2c, have been identified in many parts of the world. This study aimed to investigate the genetic diversity of the circulating CPV in Thailand.

Materials and Methods: Eighty-five CPV-positive fecal samples were obtained from dogs with either acute hemorrhagic diarrhea or diarrhea. The complete VP2 gene of these samples was amplified using VP2 specific primers and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The obtained full-length VP2 sequences were analyzed and a phylogenetic tree was constructed.

Results: Sixty and 25 CPV-positive fecal samples were collected in 2010 and 2018, respectively. Thirty-four samples were new CPV-2a and 31 samples were new CPV-2b due to amino acids substitution at position 297 (Ser-Ala). In 2018, 5 new CPV-2a, 19 CPV-2c, and 1 feline panleukopenia virus (FPV) were found, but no new CPV-2b was detected. Moreover, most of the CPV in this study had amino acids mutations at positions 324 and 440. The phylogenetic construction demonstrated the close relationship between the current new CPV-2a with the previous CPV-2a reported from Thailand, China, Uruguay, Vietnam, Singapore, and India. Interestingly, the current new CPV-2b in this study was not closely related to the previous CPV-2b reported in Thailand. The CPV-2c in this study was closer to Asian CPV-2c and further from either European or South America CPV-2c. Interestingly, FPV was identified in a diarrhea dog.

Conclusion: The evolution of CPV in Thailand is very dynamic. Thus, it is important to monitor for CPV mutants and especially the clinical signs relating to these mutants to conduct surveillance for the emergence of new highly pathogenic CPV in the future. Keywords: canine parvoviruses, diversity, Thailand, VP2 gene.

Keywords: canine parvoviruses, diversity, Thailand, VP2 gene.

How to cite this article: Inthong N, Kaewmongkol S, Meekhanon N, Sirinarumitr K, Sirinarumitr T (2020) Dynamic evolution of canine parvoviruses in Thailand, Veterinary World, 13(2): 245-255.

Received: 19-09-2019 Accepted: 27-12-2019 Published online: 10-02-2020

Corresponding author: T. Sirinarumitr E-mail: fvettps@yahoo.com

DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2020.245-255

Copyright: Inthong, et al. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http:// creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.