Antimicrobial resistance profiles in bacterial species isolated from fecal samples of free-ranging long-tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis) living in Lopburi Old Town, Thailand

Vet World Vol.13 July-2020 Article-20

Research Article

Veterinary World, 13(7): 1397-1403

https://doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2020.1397-1403

Duangjai Boonkusol¹, Suporn Thongyuan², Nantana Jangsuwan¹, and Pornchai Sanyathitiseree³

1. Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Thepsatri Rajabhat University, Lopburi, Thailand.
2. Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand.
3. Department of Large Animal and Wildlife Clinical Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand.

Background and Aim: At present, increasing in long-tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis) population in Lopburi old town caused several problems in its community, in particular with sanitation problem. The present study aimed to explore species distribution and antimicrobial resistance patterns in bacteria isolated from feces of the free-ranging long-tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis) in Lopburi Old Town, Thailand.

Materials and Methods: Fresh fecal samples were collected from October 2018 to July 2019 from seven troops of macaques. Bacterial colonies were identified based on Gram stain and standard biochemical techniques. Sensitivity toward eight different antibiotics, including amoxicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanate, cephalexin, clindamycin, doxycycline, enrofloxacin, erythromycin, and gentamicin, was analyzed using the disk diffusion method.

Results: A total of 1050 fecal samples were collected. Five unique bacterial species were identified, including Escherichia coli, Enterobacter spp., Proteus spp., Salmonella Group B, and Citrobacter spp. in 100%, 25.71%, 18%, 1.71%, and 0.57% of the fecal specimens, respectively. Among 70 distinct isolates of E. coli, 63 (93%) were resistant to multiple drugs, including amoxicillin, cephalexin, clindamycin, and erythromycin; one isolate (6%) was resistant to clindamycin only. Furthermore, 17 isolates (94%) of Salmonella Group B were resistant to both clindamycin and erythromycin. Five of the six Citrobacter spp. isolates (83%) were also multidrug-resistant (to cephalexin, clindamycin, and erythromycin); the one remaining Citrobacter spp. isolate (6%) was resistant to both clindamycin and erythromycin. However, a high percentage of E. coli, Salmonella Group B and Citrobacter spp. remained susceptible to amoxicillin-clavulanate, enrofloxacin, and doxycycline.

Conclusion: Our findings provide the basic information for the selection of empirical therapy and for the evaluation of the scale of antibiotic resistance associated with macaques living in Lopburi Old Town. Keywords: antibiotic, drug, monkey, resistant, susceptible.

Keywords: antibiotic, drug, monkey, resistant, susceptible.

How to cite this article: Boonkusol D, Thongyuan S, Jangsuwan N, Sanyathitiseree P (2020) Antimicrobial resistance profiles in bacterial species isolated from fecal samples of free-ranging long-tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis) living in Lopburi Old Town, Thailand, Veterinary World, 13(7): 1397-1403.

Received: 12-03-2020 Accepted: 29-05-2020 Published online: 22-07-2020

Corresponding author: Pornchai Sanyathitiseree E-mail: fvetpos@ku.ac.th

DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2020.1397-1403

Copyright: Boonkusol, et al. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http:// creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.