Vet World Vol.13 March-2020 Article-22
Research Article
Veterinary World, 13(3): 542-548
https://doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2020.542-548
Molecular characterization of foot-and-mouth disease viruses collected from Northern and Central Ethiopia during the 2018 outbreak
2. Department of Research and Development, National Veterinary Institute, P.O. Box: 19, Bishoftu, Ethiopia.
3. Institute of Food Science, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, South Korea.
Background and Aim: Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is endemic in several developing countries and affects poor farmers through loss of production, death of diseased animals, and loss of animal byproducts. Forty-three samples were collected from 12 sites of five geographical located areas from suspected FMD virus (FMDV)-infected cattle during 2018. This study aimed to isolate and characterize the FMDVs using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and gene sequencing.
Materials and Methods: Forty-three FMDV-suspected clinical samples cultured on BHK-21 cell were examined, followed by virus serotype identification using RT-PCR and gene sequencing.
Results: Twenty-nine (67.44%) samples were cultured on BHK-21 cell, of which 14 (32.56%) were not isolated; the 43 samples were analyzed using FMDV screening primers and serotype-specific primers. The contribution of the disease-causing serotype was serotype O of 8 (18.60%) samples, serotype A of 20 (46.51%) samples, and mixed infection (O and A) of 1 (2.33%) sample. Serotypes O and A were further characterized by phylogenetic analysis, which grouped them under East Africa 3 and Africa topotypes of genotype IV, respectively. Interestingly, serotype A was isolated for the 1st time from Keyet sub-woreda and Mulo woreda of Ethiopia, and mixed serotypes (O and A) were identified from the purchased animal.
Conclusion: Molecular test result, sequencing, and phylogenetic tree reconstruction analysis revealed that the 2018 FMD outbreak in Ethiopia was caused by FMDV serotypes O and A. FMDV serotype A was the predominant strain circulating in most study areas of the country. Infections in one sample with mixed serotypes of O and A were also reported. The authors recommend a vaccine matching study of those field isolated viruses with the vaccine strain. Keywords: Ethiopia, foot-and-mouth disease virus serotypes, phylogenetic analysis, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction.
Keywords: Ethiopia, foot-and-mouth disease virus serotypes, phylogenetic analysis, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction.
How to cite this article: Tesfaye Y, Khan F, Gelaye E (2020) Molecular characterization of foot-and-mouth disease viruses collected from Northern and Central Ethiopia during the 2018 outbreak, Veterinary World, 13(3): 542-548.
Received: 31-10-2019 Accepted: 11-02-2020 Published online: 24-03-2020
Corresponding author: Fazlurrahman Khan E-mail: fazlurrahman.khan@sharda.ac.in
DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2020.542-548
Copyright: Tesfaye, et al. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http:// creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.