Prophylactic impact of nano-selenium on performance, carcasses quality, and tissues' selenium concentration using reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography during microbial challenge in broiler chickens

Vet World Vol.13 September-2020 Article-7

Research Article

Veterinary World, 13(9): 1780-1797

https://doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2020.1780-1797

Essam S. Soliman¹, Fadwa F. Mahmoud², Mai A. Fadel³, and Rania T. Hamad⁴

1. Department of Animal Hygiene, Zoonosis and Animal Behavior, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt.
2. Food Hygiene and Microbiology, Reference Laboratory for Veterinary Quality Control on Poultry Production, Animal Health Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Ismailia 41511, Egypt.
3. Pharmacology and Pyrogen Unit, Chemistry and Food Deficiency Department, Animal Health Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Dokki, Giza 12618, Egypt.
4. Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Menoufia University, Al Minufya 33511, Egypt.

Background and Aim: Nano-selenium (NS) supplementation contributes in improving productivity, performance, and meat quality while reducing public health concern. Influence of NS and inorganic selenium (Se) water additive on performance, carcass quality, immunoglobulin concentration, intestinal microbiota, Se tissue concentrations, and tissue architecture was studied.

Materials and Methods: Two-hundred and sixty 1-day-old Hubbard chicks were randomly grouped into five groups (5×52) and supplemented with 0.5 and 1.0 mL of NS and inorganic Se (100 mg.L-1). G1, G2, G3, and G4 were challenged with Escherichia coli O157: H7 2.6×108 on the 14th day. A total of 2250 samples, including 250 sera, 250 intestinal swabs, and 1500 organ and tissue samples as liver, spleen, heart, bursa, intestine, and breast muscles, and 250 eviscerated carcasses were collected.

Results: The results revealed a highly significant increase (p<0.01) in live body weights, weight gains, performance indices, carcasses, and organs weights, whereas immunoglobulin G and M concentrations in broilers treated with 0.5 and 1.0 mL NS, respectively, synchronized reveal a highly significant decline (p<0.01) in total bacterial and Enterobacteriaceae counts of intestinal swabs and breast muscles, final pH24, and drip loss in broilers treated with 0.5 and 1.0 mL NS, respectively. Meanwhile, water holding capacity revealed no significant differences between all groups. Reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography examination revealed the earlier disappearance of NS residues than inorganic Se from the broiler's liver and muscles. Histopathological photomicrographs of the liver, spleen, bursa of Fabricius, and intestine, as well as, the immunohistochemistry of intestinal sections revealed superior tissue architecture in broilers treated with NS contrary to inorganic Se.

Conclusion: The study showed significant stimulation actions of NS on performance, immunity, carcass and meat quality, intestinal and muscles' bacterial load as well as short withdrawal period and nearly normal cellular architecture compared to inorganic Se. Keywords: broilers, carcass, immunity, nano-selenium, performance, reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography.

Keywords: broilers, carcass, immunity, nano-selenium, performance, reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography.

How to cite this article: Soliman ES, Mahmoud FF, Fadel MA, Hamad RT. (2020) Prophylactic impact of nano-selenium on performance, carcasses quality, and tissues' selenium concentration using reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography during microbial challenge in broiler chickens, Veterinary World, 13(9): 1780-1797.

Received: 01-03-2020 Accepted: 20-07-2020 Published online: 04-09-2020

Corresponding author: Essam S. Soliman E-mail: soliman.essam@vet.suez.edu.eg

DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2020.1780-1797

Copyright: Soliman, et al. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http:// creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.